Famous Venezuelas - 988 Words

Famous Venezuelans in the Scientific World I would like to present three exceptional venezuelan scientists who impacted the lives of millions of people in a generous way around the world and also in the United States. Humberto Fernandez-Moran, Baruj Benacerraf, and Jacinto Convit were scientists who significantly changed and contributed to advances in science and medicine in different but equally meaningful ways. Each made his mark within the scientific community in ways that benefited many people around the world, and for these reasons, each was recognized with honors, including Nobel prizes for Benacerraf and Convit. Baruj Benacerraf Baruj Benacerraf was born October 29, 1920 in Caracas, Venezuela to a Moroccan father and Algerian†¦show more content†¦For six years, while at Broussais Hospital, he studied the reticuloendothelial’s function on immunity with Guido Biozzi. Due to the difficulties of finding research positions in France because he was considered a foreigner, he eventually moved back to New York to work as an Assistant Professor of Pathology at New York University School of Medicine. It was his work on immunogenetics that led to being awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1980. (Baruj Benacerraf - Biographical 2017) Humberto Fernandez-Moran Humberto Fernà ¡ndez-Morà ¡n Villalobos (1924-1999) was a physician, biophysical, professor and researcher. A native of Venezuela, he earned his medical degree from the University of Munich in 1944. He founded the Venezuelan Institute for Neurological and Brain Studies and invented the diamond scalpel in 1955 to cut very thin samples of biological tissues and metals. In 1958 he left Venezuela and took a position at the University of Chicago where he devoted his career to the development of electron microscopy, cryomicroscopy, and ultramicrotomes. Fernà ¡ndez-Moran also worked at NASA in 1965-1969 doing investigations about â€Å"Space Related Molecular Biology, including Considerations of the Molecular Organization of Extraterrestrial Matter.† Another project he worked on at NASA was â€Å"Investigations in Space-Related Molecular Biology Including Considerations of-the Molecular Organization in Luster Sounding -Rocket Program.† Dr. Fernandez-Moran was granted the Jo hn Scott AwardShow MoreRelatedThe history of Venezuela dates back to 13,000 B.C. to 6,000 B.C. when the first Venezuelans were600 Words   |  3 PagesThe history of Venezuela dates back to 13,000 B.C. to 6,000 B.C. when the first Venezuelans were found coming from the East (Guyana), the South (Brazil), and the North (Antillas). The difference in their culture and religious backgrounds came from the different tribes. These tribes included hunters, fishermen, and farmers. Other tribes formed a more complex method of the agricultural system, such as those from the region of Andean.Another group, the Caribbean’s, were very hostile and skilled in combatRead MoreAmerica s Successful Fight For Independence1484 Words   |  6 Pagesindependence for Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, and Venezuela. Bolivar succeeded as a liberator but his ultimate dream to unify his beloved continent fell short. His vision of combining all of South America into one independent nation alway s remained intact. Being great admirer of the American Revolution and the French Revolution, Bolà ­var described himself decide Along with other Spanish colonies in South America, Venezuela had a broad mixture of races that was controlled by a strictRead MoreVenezuelan Immigration Essay769 Words   |  4 PagesVenezuelan Immigration How did independence politically affect the Creole class in Venezuela? I. 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First, we will cover someRead MoreVenezuelas Geography : Venezuela1550 Words   |  7 PagesBefore the early 20th century when one considered Venezuela they thought of Venezuela’s coffee and cocoa exports, however ever since the discovery of petroleum during the early 20th century, Venezuela is one of the world’s largest exporter of oil. They are also one of the first founding members of OPEC. However Venezuela has much more to offer than oil and coffee. Currently Venezuela is rapidly expanding and becoming more stable. Compared to the countries past the economy is strong and growing everyRead MoreVenezuela s Power And Power1288 Words   |  6 PagesVenezuela has been gradually turning into a tyranny. 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Venezuela gained its independence from Spain in 1830. Its gove rnment is democratically elected with Hugo Chavez as the current president. Chavez is currently pushing his political idea of â€Å"21st Century Socialism† and is nationalizing many of the infrastructural

The Crucible Coursework Essay - 1125 Words

The Crucible Coursework Essay The Crucible was written in 1952 by the playwright Arthur Miller. It is an allegory of the McCarthy ‘witch-hunts’ which occurred during the 1950’s. It was effectively the arrest and questioning of those suspected of communist views or that sympathised with communists. The USA was very suspicious of communists due to the Cold War between itself and the USSR. Joe McCarthy, leader of the governmental organisation, the Anti-Democracy Policy, headed the hunts. Arthur Miller was himself arrested by McCarthy. Miller was very irritated by this and decided that he wanted to protest by writing a satirical play. To have his play shown on Broadway he had to write an allegory based on his treatment and the†¦show more content†¦In this Act though, Proctor is flirting with Abigail again, but then refuses her his love. This is the start of Abigail’s tirade of naming the women of the town that she says are witches. When a woman is named, she can save herself from hanging by naming another woman as a witch, therefore creating a vicious circle of lies, revenge and selfishness. In Act II Elizabeth is arrested after being named by Abigail as a witch. Proctor’s profound love for his wife is evident here. In Act III Proctor tries to ensure Elizabeth’s release by telling the court of his affair with Abigail, therefore proving that she is lying to take revenge on his wife. Unfortunately, Elizabeth, who is usually truthful, lies to the court believing she is protecting John. John is later on accused of being â€Å"the Devil’s man† by his new housemaid, Mary Warren, a friend of Abigail’s, that is blatantly bullied into lying, during Abigail’s pretence of Mary’s spirit attacking her as a bird, which no-one can see except the girls. This leads to Proctor’s arrest. The Crucible was made into a film in 1996 starring Daniel Day Lewis as John Proctor. The director’s interpretation of Act IIII is evident through his use of music, camera angles, choice of location, lighting and dramatic devices. In the film, at the end of Act III, Proctor declares that â€Å"God is dead† after chasing MaryShow MoreRelated GCSE English Coursework: The Crucible Essay1437 Words   |  6 PagesGCSE English Coursework: The Crucible The Crucible. Arthur Miller, ‘The Crucible’ is a play based upon the events of Salem, Massachusetts in 1692. The story is about a religiously motivated town. The story is about a group of girls’ who are led by Abigail, who blamed witchcraft for their troubles. Being a strict Christian society the people of Salem believed in the girl’s stories. In conclusion this led into 20 people being falsely accused, and hung. The girl’s stories were easy toRead MoreFacilitating Learning and Assessment in Practice3273 Words   |  14 PagesIntroduction to English Studies (Eng 281) [pic] Sample Self-Reflective Essay #1 When I think of books, I can’t help but smile in anticipation of the journey I will embark upon from cover to cover, the secrets that will be revealed within their pages, the additions to my vocabulary I will collect as souvenirs, and the new avenues that will be excavated in the realm of my mind. Beginning as early as I can remember, books were read to me by my mother, my father and my sisters. The thrill of an outing

Managing Food And Beverage Operations †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Managing Food And Beverage Operations? Answer: Introduction McDonalds is one of the largest running restaurant business in Australia. The organization has been chosen to conduct analysis using three distinguished theories known as Resource Based View, Value Chain Activities/Analysis and SWOT Analysis. The main aim of the report is to explain the importance and usefulness of these theories and frameworks in managing the restaurant business. The resource based view (RBV) underlines the association's assets as the major determinants of the organizations good performance and its ability to gain competitive advantage.As indicated by Barney (1991), a firms asset must be asses on the ground of its value, rarity, imitability, and organization. A value chain analysis, conducts analysis on all the activities that are included in the process of generating profits by the firm. It mainly constitutes of the inbound logistics, operation, outbound logistics, marketing and sales and service. SWOT analysis consists of four components, namely Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. The strengths and weaknesses are often related to the internal business environment, whereas the opportunities and threats are usually more connected to the trends in the external environment in which the business operates. These three theories will be used in this report with detailed description focusing on the restaurant business in Australia Resource Based View The resource based view (RBV) framework considers the associations assets as the basic component of the general strategic planning of the organization. The main focus of this framework is to gain competitive advantage in the industry using a unique combination of the organizations resources. This framework aims at converting a short-term benefit into a long run competitive advantage by choosing the resources that are immobile and heterogeneous in nature. Sufficiently, this standard proselytes into beneficial resources that can't be replaced or copied without amazing effort. If the organization's strategy achieves this target, it can maintain an above average return using its resources for a long run. From various perspectives, business technique intends to gain competitive advantage over its peers through the most ideal usage of progressive resources. Along these lines, the resource based view offers some understanding with respect to what portrays key resources and in addition what enables them to generate respectable profits. The top management ought to exactly consider what resources are at the association's exchange and how these advantages may compare to the operational motivating force through indispensable systems (Grant, 2001). In order to understand how the restaurant managers can benefit from this framework, an VRIO analysis of McDonalds in Australia has been conducted in the following section: Value:This component of the framework is used to judge the worth of a particular resource in the organization; where it can be used to empower the organization or not. In case of McDonalds, their most valuable resource is the organizations highly reputed infrastructure. This resource helps the restaurant to exploit the opportunities that are increasing every day in the fast food industry. In this way, as far as value factor, the asset as accessible with McDonald has been exceptionally viable from the perspective of permitting the association in accomplishing higher general an incentive in its business forms. Aside from this, the HR has additionally been very successful and capable and this is apparent from the way that they good quality of staff that is sufficiently compelling in drawing in clients. This demonstrates the upper hand as far as sound foundation and quality HR are vital regarding enabling the association to accomplish higher incentive to the firm (Brown, 2007). Rarity:This aspect of the framework decides whether the competitive advantage as controlled by the firm is extraordinary or is it available in the business parts easily for the contenders. The competitive advantage with an affiliation is considered as astoundingly intense if it is every not easily available in the market. The case examination of McDonalds demonstrates that the strong brand image of McDonald as the undisputedly superior association in the fast food industry has been significantly intense and remarkable in light of the way that it is unrealistic for another comer to set up the reputation for being delivered by McDonald over the globe. In such manner, the subject of uniqueness or rarity has been capably satisfied in case of McDonalds and it thus enhances the competitive advantage of the organization. Imitability:Imitability is used to evaluate whether the inside competency as controlled by an organization is imitable by others or not. Focus force is seen as significantly capable if it can't be imitated by others. The case examination of McDonald Australia shows that the key competency with the affiliation is difficult to imitate in light of the way that it has developed a brand reputation of being the transcendent association over the world inside the fast food industry. This set up reputation of long quite a while by McDonald is difficult to impersonate. McDonald is predominantly known for its cheeseburger over the globe and with such settled closeness wherever all through the world, and by and large bigger measure of affirmation inside its customers, it would be troublesome for another comer or a formally settled fast food retailer to fabricate such picture. In this way, it is exceedingly difficult to duplicate the key offerings as made by the association (Bernal, 2015). Organization:This is the last inquiry inside VRIO model questions whether the important assets that are uncommon or matchless are appropriately organized to accomplish the most extreme level of commitment from it towards accomplishing more elevated amount of development. In view of the execution of examination of McDonald Australia, it has been broken down that the higher administrative adequacy has permitted the whole association in accomplishing the main position all through the globe. Such a noteworthy level of development and notoriety on the global level for McDonald demonstrates that the organization of assets of the association has been performed in a proficient way. The assets and centre skills of the association are proficiently sorted out at McDonald which has been the prime contributing variable towards achieving higher general achievement (Bridoux, 2009). Generally, the VRIO investigation uncovered that the centre skills of McDonald are exceedingly significant that permits it in managing the authority position in the business over a longer timeframe . Value Chain Activities Value chain analysis is an analytical framework that assists in identifying business activities that can create value and competitive advantage to the business. There are different essential exercises that are incorporated inside the value chain of the organization and these are extensively delegated essential movement and bolster action. The primary action incorporates inbound coordinations, operations, outbound coordinations, advertising and sales and service. The help exercises incorporate firm foundation, human asset administration, innovation advancement and acquirement. These exercises take into account proficiently doing the hierarchical procedures and they thus empower the association in accomplishing larger amount of intensity regarding their operations. Primary Activities Inbound logistics: The inbound stream of materials is performed at the Just In Time (JIT) premise and the operational procedures are additionally completed in a particular way crosswise over McDonalds Australia keeping in mind the end goal to take into account the necessities and prerequisites of client particular requests (Susanto, 2012). There has been larger amount of duty of McDonald Australia workers towards giving fantastic nourishments and a predominant class of administrations and this dedication level show the operational viability that has been pervasive inside the association. The accomplishment of higher operational proficiency is guaranteed at McDonald Australia as in the organization work with its representatives, establishment and providers accomplish larger amount of viability (Institute for Manufacturing, 2017). Operations: The business of McDonalds is conducted via a combination of company-owned and franchised restaurants. The part of the business that operates under independent franchises constitute to almost 81% of the total number of McDonalds restaurants worldwide. The different formats of franchises offered by McDOnals can be broadly categorized into Conventional Franchising, Developmental License or Affiliate (Team, 2017). Conventional franchising incorporates franchises paying rent and sways on the level of offers close by the portion of early on charges when opening another diner. In this sort of broadening, McDonald's Corporation has the land and amassing or secures a whole deal leases for the diner zone and the franchisee pays for tools, signs, seating and dcor. Developmental license incorporates licensees, giving income to the entire business, incorporating the land interest. In developmental license no capital is contributed by McDonald's itself. The license holder pays the royalty on the level of offers despite paying the starting charges upon the opening of another restaurant or permit of another allow. This structure of developmental license ownership is used by McDonald's in more than 68 countries with an aggregate of 5,230 restaurants. Affiliated is another sort of expansion represents a restricted number of remote related markets. McDonald's gets powers from accomplices on the percentage of profits. The organization has over 3,000 affiliated restaurants in Japan (OConnor, 2016). Outbound Logistics: The outbound logistics component of significant value chain includes the marketing, sale and the transportation of the completed items and administrations to definite shoppers. In regard to McDonald, the advertising exercises as done by the association suggest that it is engaged towards advancing its items and administrations among its focused on clients. McDonald has embraced advertising activities at a worldwide level whereby it has gone into Olympic sponsorship for advancement, and supported the Coca Cola mark too. McDonald Australia is likewise considered for a vast number of wellbeing and health crusades and its prominence is for the most part clear as far as the ground sirloin sandwich as offered by it. The amicable client service takes into consideration achieving larger amounts of adequacy in regard to after sales benefits of the organization. The friendly behavior with the clients is not the only factor that emphatically underpins the association's operat ions, however, it is the viability of the representatives working over the association, as they have a more elevated amount of effectiveness in giving quality items and administrations to their clients (Nisam, 2010). SWOT Analysis The biggest strength of McDonald's Australia Holdings is that the organization is the biggest fast food company in the world, having a larger market share than any other restaurant business. The second strength is their menus that offer various products based on the local taste of the people, in other words, the items in Australia are constantly refreshed and in the meantime, their personal preferences could be balanced and changed easily, which is the key point that draws in loads of clients (Leo, 2016). The biggest weakness for McDonalds is the growing amount of criticization of its products in terms of the calorie content. Cheeseburgers, that happen to be one of the most selling products of the company, come under the top 10 worst food categories. With an ever increasing number of individuals giving careful consideration to their well being, the offering of the cheeseburgers that is the fundamental items for McDonald's Australia Holdings could be influenced (Greenspan, 2017). The third component of SWOT analysis talks about the opportunities. McDonalds can highly benefit from the increasing trend of the Home Meal Delivery. In addition, the changing client' propensities and the new client gatherings could be the other open door for them to investigate the market. Advance more, the other open door is to change client propensities and new client gatherings, for example, the propensity for evening tea in Australia, the Macdonald's espresso, Macdonald's express and Macdonald's stop Eateries (Dalavagas, 2015). Every one of them are planned and created keeping in mind the end goal to meet the chance of changing propensities for clients. The last part talks about the threats The biggest threat for McDonalds in Australia is the growing rivalry and intense competition in the food industry. As the entry into the industry is easy, a large of new restaurants are opening recently, which eat up in the market share of McDonalds. Also, due to growing awareness about fast food, healthy substitutes are capturing markets at a very high pace (Christian, 2015). Conclusion To conclude, it can be said that all the three frameworks discussed above can be highly useful for restaurant managers to increase their efficiency and profits. These frameworks not only give an insight into the internal environment and competencies of the business, but additionally provide a view of the external environment in which the business operates. Both these factors are equally important to make the business successful in the long run. The example of McDonalds can be used to find similar areas in the restaurant business on a general level. The analysis prove that there are certain areas where McDonalds can improve and the relevant recommendations are made in the next section. Recommendations With regard to the key competency of brand image as controlled by McDonaldsu, it is suggested that the organization should additionally endeavor to improve its reputation worldwide. This can be accomplished by aiming towards quality factor and furthermore by streamlining its product offerings to incorporate more items that can be used to attract increasing number of clients (Rothbort, 2012). It is additionally prescribed that the human resource department should look for using fresher approaches and systems, with the end goal of dealing with the association's HR as they are the centre in conveying the menus as offered by the organization. Consequently, it is suggested that new arrangements ought to be concocted with a view to accomplish viability concerning the conveyance of quality items and this can be decidedly accomplished by the endeavors from HR chiefs. McDonalds should give careful consideration to the younger population, for example, the younger children and students. So as to draw them in, some exceptional techniques should be utilized including the understudies' coupon, the presents for kids etc. . In addition, there is a need to develop the new item keeping in mind the end goal to address the issue of wellbeing eating, for instance, the rice with delectable foods grown from the ground could be a decent decision. The drain with extraordinary flavor is additionally an option for individuals in the Australia where there is sufficient and great qualified drain(Pham, 2017). Furthermore, keeping in mind the end goal to pick up the chance of the expanding requirement for the home conveyance, McDonald could develop the new route in this field, and in the meantime, attempt their best to advance their propelled benefit and give a more helpful support of the clients. References Bernal, E. (2015, November). VRIO Framework. Retrieved from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/vrio-framework-enrique-bernal/ Bridoux, F. (2009). A Resource-Based Approach To Performance And Competition: An Overview Of The Connections Between Resources And Competition. Retrieved from https://cdn.uclouvain.be/public/Exports%20reddot/iag/documents/WP_110_Bridoux.pdf Brown, E. (2007, November). Competitive Advantage and the Resource Based View of the Firm. Retrieved from https://ericbrown.com/competitive-advantage-and-the-resource-based-view-of-the-firm.htm Christian. (2015, September). SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS SECTOR. Retrieved from https://www.aalep.eu/swot-analysis-hotels-and-restaurants-sector Dalavagas, I. (2015, May). McDonalds Corp.: A Short SWOT Analysis. Retrieved from https://www.valueline.com/Stocks/Highlights/McDonalds_Corp___A_Short_SWOT_Analysis.aspx#.WbNHjrIjF1s Grant, R. (2001). The resource base theory of competitive advantage: Implications for strategy formulation. Retrieved from https://www.skynet.ie/~karen/Articles/Grant1_NB.pdf Greenspan, R. (2017, February). McDonalds SWOT Analysis Recommendations. Retrieved from https://panmore.com/mcdonalds-swot-analysis-recommendations Institute for Manufacturing. (2017). Porter's Value Chain. Retrieved from https://www.ifm.eng.cam.ac.uk/research/dstools/value-chain-/ Leo, C. (2016, April). McDonald's SWOT Analysis and Recommendations. Retrieved from https://toughnickel.com/industries/McDonalds-SWOT-analysis-and-recommendations Nisam, M. (2010). McDonalds Value Chain Analysis. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/5691910/Mc_Donalds_Value_Chain_Analysis_001 OConnor, T. (2016). Mcdonalds - Packaging and warehousing. Retrieved from https://www.tlimagazine.com/sections/packaging-and-warehousing/2364-mcdonalds Pham, J. (2017). McDonald's Sustainability Recommendations. Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/JosephineVietHaPham/mcdonalds-sustainability-recommendations Rothbort, S. (2012, November). 4 strategies for McDonald's management. Retrieved from https://www.marketwatch.com/story/4-strategies-for-mcdonalds-management-2012-11-21 Susanto, F. (2012, November). Value Chain and Competitive Advantage of McDonalds. Retrieved from https://fagansusanto.wordpress.com/2012/11/22/value-chain-and-competitive-advantage-of-mcdonalds/ Team, U. (2017). Operations and Business Strategy of McDonalds. Retrieved from https://www.ukessays.com/essays/international-business/very-popular-fast-food-business.php

PEST analysis of Brazil Essay Example

PEST analysis of Brazil Paper This paper will concentrate on Legoland subject park company possible enlargement in Brazil. I will utilize PEST model as a guideline for analysis and other analysis methods. such as Porter? s or Hofsted. if needed. First. paper will analyse the external environment that affects determination devising and moreover. supply some internal environment information about Legolands strengths and failings. Brazil is South America’s most important state. an economic giant and one of the world’s biggest democracies. with 5th big population in the universe ( News. bbc. co. United Kingdom. 2013 ) . In coming old ages Brazil will host two immense athletics events. World Cup in 2014 and Olympic Games 2016. which have evidently some impact in PEST- analysis countries. When talking about Brazil it is of import to cognize about Jeito Brasileiro. the Brazilian manner of making things. In concern that means that Brazilians prefer travel around the regulations when an obstruction nowadayss ( Morrison and Conaway. 2006 ) . Today LEGOLAND has all together six subject Parkss located in North America. Europe and Asia. Company is non to the full owned by Lego Group itself. instead theme Parkss are owned and operated by the British subject park company Melin Entertainment. which operates in all parts of the universe besides South America. Core values that LEGO want to do universal are Creativity. Imagination. Learning. Fun and Quality ( Jones and Shaheen. 2013 ) . ( Merlinentertainments. game. 2013 ) . 2. Political environment Harmonizing to Ministery of foreign personal businesss Danmark. Brazil is a federal democracy with a federal authorities divided into three independent subdivisions – executive. legislative. and judicial. We will write a custom essay sample on PEST analysis of Brazil specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on PEST analysis of Brazil specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on PEST analysis of Brazil specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The President has executive power ( being both the Head of State and Government ) although advised by the Cabinet. Legislative power is at the National Congress. while judicial power lies with the judiciary Supreme Federal Court. and the regional federal tribunals. The state is a parliamentary democracy with a presidential government and following presidential. congressional. and gubernatorial elections is to be held in October 2014. 2. 1 Political Hazard Data from World Bank ( 2013 ) shows that Brazil Political hazard has changed a batch in the past decennary. but now state is politically stable in the long term position. However monolithic anti-government protests during July 2013 Tell that Brazil is presently sing a widespread prostration of its substructure. Harmonizing to Paula Ramon ( 2013 ) there are jobs with ports. airdromes. public conveyance. wellness and instruction. Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff even proposed a referendum as a manner to put political reform in the public’s hands. 2. 2 Corruption The degrees of bureaucratism and deficiency of transparence of regulations make Brazil a hard state to make concern in. Misdemeanors of jurisprudence and ethical criterions committed by representatives of the legislative and executive power are common. The organisation Transparency International’s corruptness index for 2012 ranks Brazil as figure 69 ( score 43/100 ) – in front of Argentina ( 102 ) . Columbia ( 94 ) and Peru ( 83 ) but behind Chile ( 24 ) and the U. S ( 19 ) of 180 states ( Transparency International. 2013 ) . Corruptness was cited among many issues that provoked the 2013 protests in Brazil ( CNN iReport. 2013 ) . 2. 3 FDI and concern set uping ordinances Policy competition to pull investing was activated in Brazil by the dramatic success of the 1994 Real Plan in cutting rising prices and conveying macroeconomic stableness to the state ( OECD. 2002 ) . Since so FDI influxs have turning inclination as we can see from the chart. Direct Investing totaled US $ 660. 5 billion. equivalent to 30. 8 % of national GDP ( Oecd. org. 2012 ) . As stated in Iab. worldbank. org. 2013 foreign companies set uping subordinates in Brazil must hold at least 2 stockholders. Executive officers of Brazilian companies must be either Brazilian citizens or aliens who hold a Brazilian permanent visa. To register with the Commercial Registry. the company may pay an extra fee and registry through SIMPI. which offers an expedited enrollment procedure. Company set uping takes 166 yearss and goes trough 17 processs. to compare IAB planetary norm is 42 yearss and 7 processs. nevertheless Brazilian easiness of constitution index ( 64. 5 ) is in line with IAB planetary norm 62. 5. While authorities blessing is non required. foreign investings must be registered with the Brazilian Central Bank. Harmonizing to the Rules for the Exchange Market and Foreign Capital issued by the Central Bank of Brazil. merely a few entities are entitled to keep a foreign currency bank history in Brazil. 2. 4 Taxation Foreign capital that enters Brazil as direct foreign investing ( IED ) is non capable to revenue enhancement. However. the intercompany loans will be capable to IOF at a rate of 6 % . Even though. intercompany loans are classified as IED ( Mello. 2012 ) . While importing may work good in most markets. it is hard in Brazil due to high duties and revenue enhancements. since Brazil does non hold an industry of amusement drives and equipment. or many mills. when it comes to roller-coasters. elephantine wheels and similar merchandises. there is demand to import them from other states. chiefly from Europe. Asia and the United States ( Macropolice. 2013 ) . Potential export states such as the US and Germany are non parties to a bilateral free trade understanding with Brazil. As a consequence imports from these states bear duties and revenue enhancements which can run from 0 to 35 per centum on the CIF ( insurance. and cargo ) value. The edge rate that Brazil can impose on imports under World Trade Organization regulations is 31. 4 per centum. Since duties can be changed by the authorities at any clip. importers are capable to hazard and uncertainness ( Brazil. Land of the Future. n. d. ) 2. 5 Employment Laws Employment and labour dealingss in Brazil are chiefly governed by the Brazilian Federal Constitution. the Brazilian Labour Code – CLT’ and Collective Labour Agreements. Established working hours in Brazil should non transcend 44 hours a hebdomad and preferentially. 8 hours a twenty-four hours. Depending on the occupation. there are conventions between companies and Unions. and so employees will work more than 8 hours a twenty-four hours. Every employee working under the CLT ordinance has right of a 30-day remainder every 12 months of work. Brazil has the 13th wage. which is a satisfaction equivalent to a month salary and paid in two installments in November and December For persons considered as employees. the company must do a monthly sedimentation tothe Government Severance Indemnity Fund for Employees. Aviso previo is a presentment that must be given by both employee and employer when they are no longer willing to work together. This presentment must be given one month prior to the dismissal. Additionally Brazilian employers are obliged to cover its employees’ transit costs and supply a repast for those working 8 hours a twenty-four hours. All in all hiring in Brazil is non inexpensive because of the all extra cost mentioned earlier ( Globalconnections. hsbc. com. 2013 ) .

Windows NT essays

Windows NT essays Windows NT is a multitasking, 32 bit operating system. It was invented to make todays processes run more efficiently. More than one version has been brought into the industry to work well with the changing technology of computers. The two versions are known as Windows NT Workstation and Windows NT Server. The Windows NT Server is designed to be used on a computer that is specifically made to withhold information and to be used as a central office. This means that all commands will go through this one computer. Windows NT workstation is designed to be used on a computer that is connected to the server. It has only the necessary applications installed on it and uses the server to save files, and to access files. Both operating systems use the same kernel and operating system code and can act as an application server on NetWare and Microsoft (page 717). Microsoft started in the mid- 1980s when it was in cooperation with IBM. They created the OS/2 operating system, which was written in assembly language for a single processor 80286 system. Microsoft decided it wanted to fly away from the nest by developing new technology (NT). NT was originally supposed to be was supposed to use OS/2 as a native environment however it managed to become a 32 bit Windows architecture. Features play an enormous part in an operating system. There are specific features that will make an operating system unique and will be beneficial towards ones usage. A few features, which are a necessity in any growing business, are extensibility, reliability, and performance (pp 717-718). Extensibility gives you the ability to make expansions on your operating system so that it can grow with technology. NT is a layered architecture, which allows you to change certain features of the O/S without changing the basic code. NT executive runs on a kernel and provides the basic system services. This is a simple example of ...

Avoid Beginning a Sentence with With

Avoid Beginning a Sentence with With Avoid Beginning a Sentence with â€Å"With† Avoid Beginning a Sentence with â€Å"With† By Mark Nichol Sentences (and clauses) that begin with with are doomed to be weak. The following sentences suffer from this affliction; discussions describe how to improve the sentence, and revisions demonstrate the solutions. 1. With a quarter-billion-dollar industry possible, there is a real possibility of supporting the community with something other than an economy based on a nearby prison. To strengthen this sentence, simply delete with, slightly alter the main clause and present it as a parenthetical phrase, and close the sentence with a verb to transform what was originally a subordinate clause into the main clause: â€Å"A potential quarter-billion-dollar industry, and a real possibility of supporting the community with something other than an economy based on a nearby prison, awaits.† 2. With almost one in three residents below the poverty line, the business of mass incarceration has had mixed effects on the community for twenty-five years. With the promise of good jobs, four prisons opened. With a 10 percent tax on potential cultivation revenue, the company has the chance to make more money in a year than it would off the prison industry in two centuries at the current rate. All three sentences in this paragraph start with with. As in the previous example, convert the introductory subordinate clause in the first sentence into a main clause, and insert a conjunction to change the main clause to a subordinate one: â€Å"Almost one in three residents lives below the poverty line, so the business of mass incarceration has had mixed effects on the community for twenty-five years.† For the second and third sentences, simply substitute a stronger word or phrase for with: â€Å"Based on the promise of good jobs, four prisons opened. Thanks to a 10 percent tax on potential cultivation revenue, the company has the chance to make more money in a year than it would off the prison industry in two centuries at the current rate.† 3. A company can adopt a standardized approach or an internal models approach, with the former generally leading to much higher capital charges and the latter requiring regulatory approval. Here, a subordinate clause headed by with ends rather than begins the sentence. In this case, simply omit the word and alter the form of the verbs that follow, then set the clause- now a main rather than subordinate clause- off with a semicolon or a period (and insert a comma to divide the two independent clauses within it): â€Å"A company can adopt a standardized approach or an internal models approach; the former generally leads to much higher capital charges, and the latter requires regulatory approval.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Grammar Test 145 Synonyms for â€Å"Old† and â€Å"Old-Fashioned†One "L" or Two?

Organised Crime in Films 'City Of God' Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Organised Crime in Films 'City Of God' - Essay Example ThÐ µ moviÐ µ shows how thÐ µ rÐ µlativÐ µ frÐ µquÐ µncy of juvÐ µnilÐ µ gun usÐ µ and possÐ µssion, whÐ µn combinÐ µd with thÐ µ abovÐ µmÐ µntionÐ µd situations, complicatÐ µs thÐ µ futurÐ µ furthÐ µr, and all of thÐ µsÐ µ situations togÐ µthÐ µr form organizÐ µd crimÐ µ as a sort of culturÐ µ of dÐ µlinquÐ µncy that prÐ µsÐ µnts a dangÐ µr for thosÐ µ juvÐ µnilÐ µs who do not havÐ µ morÐ µ fulfilling ways with which to occupy thÐ µir timÐ µ. So many pÐ µoplÐ µ comÐ µ to thÐ µ wrong conclusions about juvÐ µnilÐ µs and automatically assumÐ µ that thÐ µy don’t want to do productivÐ µ activitiÐ µs such as sports and clubs, but would rathÐ µr join a gang. This may bÐ µ wrong in thÐ µ long run, bÐ µcausÐ µ of problÐ µms of accÐ µss to thÐ µsÐ µ morÐ µ productivÐ µ activitiÐ µs in somÐ µ arÐ µas. Making thÐ µsÐ µ activitiÐ µs and organizations availablÐ µ to a widÐ µr rangÐ µ of studÐ µnts could producÐ µ signi ficant bulwarks against thÐ µ downward spiral into thÐ µ abovÐ µmÐ µntionÐ µd pattÐ µrns of dÐ µstructivÐ µ bÐ µhavior, chiÐ µf among thÐ µm bÐ µing gang violÐ µncÐ µ. This typÐ µ of â€Å"violÐ µncÐ µ oftÐ µn rÐ µsults from a complÐ µx intÐ µraction of Ð µnvironmÐ µntal, social, and psychological factors such as thÐ µ lÐ µarnÐ µd bÐ µhavior of rÐ µsponding to conflict with violÐ µncÐ µ, thÐ µ Ð µffÐ µcts of drugs or alcohol, thÐ µ prÐ µsÐ µncÐ µ of wÐ µapons, thÐ µ absÐ µncÐ µ of positivÐ µ family rÐ µlationships and adult supÐ µrvision† (PosnÐ µr, 1998). Many juvÐ µnilÐ µs who do not havÐ µ positivÐ µ family rÐ µlationships and structurÐ µd timÐ µ undÐ µr supÐ µrvision during thÐ µir hours away from school may sÐ µÃ µ that by pursuing positivÐ µ Ð µxtracurricular activitiÐ µs that accÐ µntuatÐ µ thÐ µir futurÐ µs rathÐ µr than throwing thÐ µir futurÐ µs away by indulging in pattÐ µrns of organizÐ µd crimÐ µ mÐ µmbÐ µrship such as gangs, violÐ µncÐ µ, and drugs, thÐ µy may put thÐ µmsÐ µlvÐ µs into a situation in which thÐ µsÐ µ positivÐ µ rÐ µlationships supÐ µrvision arÐ µ sÐ µÃ µn as positivÐ µ and prÐ µsÐ µnt and productivÐ µ in thÐ µir

AGRICULTURAL ETHICS Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

AGRICULTURAL ETHICS - Research Paper Example There is no any widely accepted definition of ethics and general public have different ideas about ethics. For some, ethics mean adherence to the law while for others it is adherence to the spirit. Similarly, for some it is concerned with the religious beliefs while for others it is concerned with the standards of the culture or the community. The definitions given by the enthusiasts are more complex containing some or all elements mentioned above describing what are concerned with ethics and what are not. However, the discussion here is not to focus on the accurate and widely accepted definition of ethics but about the what are the factors related to agricultural ethics. Many professionals have put considerable efforts in defining factors related to agricultural ethics. It is quite interesting that those who are engaged in agriculture or associated with farming directly like farmers or indirectly like government regulating bodies, researchers, agents, CEOs, lawmakers, industrial workers, protestors, consumers or technology developers believe that their moral ground is higher than others as they are associated with one of the most noble endeavors of the humans which is feeding the people and this provides them an extraordinary moral confidence which tends to neglect the need of examining the choices made by them (Burgess, 1998). According to ethicists Ahlstrom, Bruton & Yeh, (1997) those who are associated with the production of agriculture and those who support agricultural activities with technology have a strong belief that as they are increasing the agricultural production to meet the growing demand, they are exempted from the continuous process of political negotiation and renegotiation about the moral bargain which is the pillar of the modern society and democracy. All of them engaged in either discovery of new agricultural technologies or gene cloning or the lawmakers supporting farming with subsidies or breeding new plants or

A key issue that was faced by the New Testament Church Essay Example for Free

A key issue that was faced by the New Testament Church Essay Examine a key issue that was faced by the New Testament Church (Prostitution). Could these arguments used in the first century be used by the Church of today for this problem? Prostitution is the performance of sexual acts solely for the purpose of material gain. Persons prostitute themselves when they grant favours to others in exchange for money, gifts or other payments and in so doing; use their bodies as commodities. In legal terms, the word prostitute refers only to those who engage overtly in such sexual-economic transactions, usually for a specific sum of money. Prostitutes may be of either sex, but throughout history, the majority have been women, reflecting both the traditional socio-economic dependence of women and the tendency to exploit female sexuality. Although prostitution has often been characterised as the worlds oldest profession, the concept of women as property, which prevailed in most centuries until the end of the nineteenth century, meant that the profits of the profession most often ended up in the hands of the men who controlled it. Men have traditionally been characterised as procurers and customers, but during the latter half of the twentieth century, they are increasingly being identified as prostitutes themselves, who generally serve male customers and sometimes impersonate women. The Torah (Law) had little to say on the subject of secular prostitution. It prohibited parents from dedicating their children as sacred prostitutes, but there is nothing to tell us whether its authors would have objected equally to the ideas of a master making his slave-woman a secular prostitute or even a father doing so with his daughter. There are two references to secular prostitution in the Old Testament, which offer any details as to how it was regarded. In both cases, an unmarried women is understood to have chosen this course of action on her own and thereby brought disgrace on her father. In one passage, a priests daughter who plays the harlot is condemned to be burned for having profaned her father (Leviticus 21:9). One may think that she is part of her fathers household, either as not yet married or as a divorced or widowed woman. Her activity threatens the state of purity vital to the household, since its food comes largely from the altar of the temple. In Deuteronomy (22:13-21) a man charges that his wife was not found to be a virgin on her wedding night. If this were true, she would be stoned for having played the harlot in her fathers house. In other words, she has engaged in sexual intercourse when she ought to have been guarding her virginity carefully in order to be a suitable bride. In the process, she has exposed her father to shame of having misrepresented her state in negotiating her marriage. It is not clear from the passage that she actually receives payment for her services; the point seems to be, rather, that she has deprived her father and her prospective husband of their rights in her. What was wrong with prostitution, from the perspective of ancient Israel, was not so much the giving or receiving of payment for sexual intercourse as it was the removal of sexual intercourse from the framework of property and hierarchy which normally contained it and ensured that it was placed at the service of the family. Such an interpretation is made explicit in a more extensive critique of prostitution found in Proverbs. After warning the reader against the wiles of the loose woman, the author contrasts the positive ideal of possessing a wife with a negative prospect of wasting ones resources on a courtesan (Proverbs 5:15-23). Having said that, one cannot treat wisdom literature as if it were the same genre as legislation. It is clear that Proverbs agrees with the Torah in understanding prostitution, as violation to Gods will, not merely as something to be avoided for prudential reasons. Still, the justification offered for the prohibition is intrusive as to the ethical framework in which the prohibition itself belonged. Prostitution was wrong because it stood outside the normal patriarchal system in which the male head of the household owned one or more women as sexual partners. As such, it threatened the interests of the family. The man might feel that he had received full value for his expense, but the family gained nothing at all from his patronising of the prostitute. His action, therefore was a betrayal of his responsibilities, since he existed not to gratify his own desires but to maintain and enhance the fortunes of his fathers house. What the Torah and Proverbs agree upon then is the condemnation of those who place personal gratification ahead of family duty. The Torah condemns the unmarried woman who prefers sexual pleasure above her obligations as a good daughter of the household who must preserve her marriageability, which is, indeed the familys investment in her. Proverbs condemns the man who spends family resources on private pleasure. He should marry a woman and be content with the sexual pleasure he receives from her. Proverbs was concerned to make the prostitute sound as unscrupulous and unattractive as possible. The Torah was speaking to the woman who was trying to behave as an unattached individual in pursuit of pleasure while still remaining under the protection of her father. According to the Torah, prostitution, though a slightly less serious crime than adultery, was wrong insofar as it represented the triumph of individual gratification over against the principle of subordination to the family. The matter of prostitution receives very little attention from the Gospel writers, but it appears in a significant pronouncement of Jesus. The tax collectors and the prostitutes, he said, were entering the Kingdom of God ahead of respectable religious leaders (chief priests and elders) because they believed the preaching of John the Baptist (Matt 21:23-32). Since John preached repentance (Matt 3:2) one may suspect that prostitutes ceased to be such when they came to believe the message. It proves difficult, however, to be certain. The tax collectors presumably did not cease to be tax collectors (In Luke 19:1-10, the tax collector Zacchaeus, upon his conversion, gave half of his property to the poor and made amends to those he has defrauded). A prostitute would have found it singularly difficult to emerge from her low place in the community. We know little about them in Jewish times. In the contemporary Gentile world, however, most of them were slaves, who could not legally abandon their status. Even free prostitutes, if poor, would have had only the most limited of options, since they would not have been acceptable as wives. Our own presuppositions, then, may perhaps dictate whether we think of these women as giving up prostitution or not. Luke 7:36-50 sees Jesus anointed by a public sinner. While she is not labelled as a prostitute, it is one conclusion that could be possibly said about her. Jesus accepts her intentions, contrasts them favourably with those of her host, the Pharisee, and finally says, Her sins, many as they are, are forgiven because she has loved much (7:47). This does not tell us what Jesus preferred prostitutes to do, but it does suggest that he did not make grace conditional on prostitutes escaping her place in society. The most significant thing is that Jesus held them up to the religious leadership as a model of repentance for them to follow, thus implying that the respectable are not unlike the prostitutes in respect to sin. Since Jesus held them up as a religious example, we may guess that although he took prostitution to be ethically wrong, he followed the example of Proverbs in appointing blame to the man who visited the prostitute more than to the prostitute herself. Paul has little to say about sexual ethics in his main doctrinal statement, the Epistle to the Romans, except the forceful identification of sexual immorality with humanities alienation from God (Romans 1:24-27). However, in his letters to the other churches he is forced to address the topic because of the behaviour of certain individuals in those churches, particularly at Corinth. The Christians at Corinth produced highly divergent interpretations of what the Gospel demanded in the way of sexual ethics, ranging from libertinism to a complete rejection of both marriage and sexual intercourse. It is probable that the libertine party at Corinth had adopted slogans such as All things are permitted and Food is for the belly and the belly for food (implying that sexual intercourse is as uncomplicated an expression of natural desire as eating is). Paul argues that the body of a Christian belongs to Christ. Therefore, all sexual expression, then, must take Christs ownership into account. Sex with a prostitute might seem to establish no relationship at all beyond the brief one required for the sanctification of desire. Paul claims that every sexual act between man and woman established a union of flesh, like that of marriage. In other words, the prostitute and the man, who has used her, actually belong to each other for the duration of their sexual intercourse, though not beyond. In Pauls own terminology, the relationship thus established is one body; but in the terminology of Genesis, it is a relationship of one flesh. Paul insisted that the man who had intercourse with the prostitute was not unchanged by that act. However, it was destructive of ones spirit; the relation to Christ and to God: Every sin that a person commits is outside the body, but the man who uses harlots is sinning against his own body. (1 Corinthians 18-20) It is evident that where Proverbs discourages a man from using prostitutes because he belonged to his family, Paul discouraged it because he belonged to God. The body, the person as a whole, is the spirits temple, into which other forms of worship must not be introduced. One might well ask, then, whether the implication of this line of reasoning is not, finally, to forbid sexual intercourse altogether.1 From whichever interpretation or opinion one adopts, as a Christian, or more to the point, as human beings, it should be understood that the use of prostitutes or the actual act of prostitution is both morally and ethically wrong. It is a sin against God, in that it undervalues the gift of love, through intercourse, given to us by God, and moreover, it shows a lack of respect for the body and minds of others. BIBLIOGRAPHY Cave, S The Christian Way, Nisbet and Company Limited, 1963 Countryman, L.W Dirt, Greed and Sex, Fortress Press, 1988 Hays, R.B The Moral Vision of the New Testament, Harper Collins Publishers, 1996 Manson, T.W Ethics and the Gospel, SCM Press Limited, 1960 1 Countryman, L Dirt, Greed and Sex p205

Seagrams Essay -- Business Management

Edgar Bronfman’s value system is in jeopardy of not being sustained due to his failure to fully transition from charismatic to instrumental leadership as evidenced by the employee questions following the values program training. Analysis Seagram’s is currently undergoing strategic, anticipatory changes in the company’s value system to competitively reposition the company to take advantage of future growth opportunities, diversify the company globally, effectively manage business processes, and increase profits. Bronfman has successfully guided the development and introduction of this new value system. However, Seagram’s is lacking the instrumental leadership necessary for this reorientation to be successful. Specifically, the questions raised by management at the end of the values training program suggest that the three critical elements of instrumental leadership – structuring, controlling, and rewarding – have not been fully addressed. Without these, the new value system will not be â€Å"reinforced and institutionalized† and may fall victim to becoming â€Å"another program of the month†. Bronfman has not structured a sufficient mechanism to ensure the value system is sustained over time. No processes are in place to handle the recommendations for action raised by participants in the training program. Good ideas are being generated, but will be wasted if there is no system to ensure they are heard and implemented. Failure to provide this process will hurt employee morale and...

Should Animals Be Used for Scientific Research or Testing?

Should animals be used for scientific research or testing? Agli Panci Instructor: Eva Prifti Course: Composition I Time: Thursday, 15:00-18:00 From the early time humans survival was depended on animals, either as food or for transporting. Today we are using animals for a new kind of survival, we are using them for testing and experimenting medicines that we need for different diseases. All along this time, this experiments has helped a lot for discovering of new kind of diseases and medicine to cure them. I think that stopping of this experiments will bring limitation in scientific progress. However there are o lots of organization that try to protect animal rights but anyway for the moment is the only what that we have to test and experiment new way curing new or existing deceases. Although that many organization of animal rights think that animals should not used in medical research data shows that there are a lots of medications that we use today are invented due to animal research, because there are some animals who have similar body functions with humans. Reducing the human suffering as much as we can must be our firs priority, and then our second priority must be reducing of animal suffering or death. Is not the same as using humans and animals in medical research for discovering new diseases that my affect both animals and human beings, in this case we must use animals for research so we avoid human suffering as much as we can and after that our priority should be animals. For death bringers deceases like HIV or different tumors we need to do experimenting and tests with animals because it is the mos efficient way to find new ways to cure without having human suffering. Regarding to the second part that says that we must do our best to have the minimum of animal suffering has to a lot with ethics of the scientists that are doing this experiments. Regarding a survey conducted in the American Medical Association show that 99% of all active physicians in the U. S think that animal testing is the only way yo medical advancements. With today technology we can keep animal suffering in the absolute minimum. We can use anesthetics to minimize the suffering. Also to reduce animal suffering can be done by keeping them comfortable and in clean and healthy environment conditions. In other words is clearly possible to use animals in research without being cruel to them. New technologies of scanning that exist today like magnetic resonance, which make possible for doctors to learn about a certain disease from animals without making them suffer. According to studies there are thousands of death bringers diseases that are discovered from 1600's to 1990's due to animal experimentation. According to Animal Use and Abuse Statistics, more than 25 million vertebrate animals are used annually, and the number of invertebrates may extend to billions in United States. Above the scientific ethics of the scientist is the technology that is available to him, so our part is to do our best to avoid not needed hurting or testing. So we must take our benefits from this experiments but also to protect this animals from death. According to the US based, Foundation for Biomedical Research: â€Å"Animal research has played a vital role in virtually every major medical advance of the last century – for both human and veterinary health. From antibiotics to blood transfusions, from dialysis to organ transplantation, from vaccinations to chemotherapy, bypass surgery and joint replacement, practically every present-day protocol for the prevention, treatment, cure and control of disease, pain and suffering is based on knowledge attained through research with lab animals. Humans genes are 99% like chimpanzees, and many other basic functions like eating, seeing, smelling are in humans like in animals. As a result of this similarity , the feedback of these animals are a very good guide to possible reactions of human patients. It is very possible that humans and animals can get o lot of the same diseases, because of this we can make the research in animals and test new medicines in them firs and after this we can produce for humans. As we know from the theory of evolution animals feel pain and pleasure,because we share with them our emotions. So the people using animals for experimenting or different purposes should treat them with respect. Also the purposes for witch they are used should be legitimate. The groups defending animals have tried to distort the truth about what animals are used for. They refuse the fact that these researchers are important and declaim that animals shouldn’t be used for any reason. They argue that medical community doesn’t support the fact that animals are used in research and it is obvious that it isn’t the truth. Besides the modern technology used in animal testing not all the experiments finish successfully and millions of animals die each year. Another point is that there are a lots of medicines that are tested in animals but they have side-effects in humans. So this kind of experiments bring suffering and deaths in both sides, in animals and in humans. Because different species reaction differently on different medicines. Animal rights organization have tried to dis inform public about the different fact in animal research. They do not accept the fact that use of animal in research has given a very useful contribution in curing different diseases. Today about 95% of U. S medical schools do not use animals to experiment new medicines or for testing purposes. They are trained using the human stimulation that the today technologies can offer and doing didactic work. While there are trying to find other ways to animal testing and experimenting, what the best scientist can do for now is try to reduce the number of animals being tested. They are using modern technologies and new types of scanning to see the animal organism so they don’t actually need to apply surgery. Though it is hard to completely stop the animal resting, what we can to is prevent unnecessary tests by stopping certain products that don't require animal experimenting. In order that the pathogenesis of different diseases could be studied,doctors need animal experimentation as the only way at te current level of knowledge ,and it undertakes drug trials,vaccines to alleviate suffering for human and animals. To conclude, humans must try can to reduce the number of animals being harmed in these experiments aimed at benefiting society. References Cook, K. (2006, March 29). Facts about Animal Research . Message posted to http://www. pro-test. org. uk/2006/03/facts-about-animal-research. html PETA. Animal Testing Is Bad Science: Point/Counterpoint. Retrived from http://www. peta. org Research Animal Resources. Ethics and Alternatieves. Retrived from http://www. ahc. umn. edu University of Georgia. Animals Used in Experiments. Retrived from http://www. uga. edu

Dream House Essay

Everyone has their own thoughts about their dream house.  These days homes are more affordable because of the economy and all the foreclosures makes it much easier to afford a really nice house. My dream house is not a fancy house that I could never afford; its a home I could see my wife and I having in the future. I have seen many homes that I thought to myself, this house would be perfect. A few characteristics I want to describe about my dream house are the appearance, location, and decor. I want my house to have a nice large home with coffee stained wood finish on the outside full of crystal clear windows of all different sizes. I imagine as you walk into my home there would be high ceilings and hanging over the entryway would be a big crystal chandelier. When entering the home, there would also be a place for you to hang your coat, rest, and take off your shoes from a long day’s work. I want a house that is not brand new but not too old either because I do not want to have fix the house constantly or hear the creaking floors while walking around. I always thought it would be nice to have solar panels, a windmill, and a garden so I can be self reliant. The grass would be a bright healthy green almost as if it was not real. Around the house would be a large fence to allow for our privacy and to keep the animals in. My dream house will be in a community, but I want it to be in an area that is not to busy for convenience and for the safety of our future children. I always thought it would be nice to have a couple of acres for my dogs to run about and a beautiful lake stocked with fish for the dogs to go into and cool off during the hot summers. Illinois is a beautiful state and would be a nice place to settle down and have this dream house. Another significant thing about the home would be the long cobblestone driveway you would have to travel up leading to our home and front porch. It would also be nice to have a day room attached to the house with windows that easily open and close so my wife could sit out there in the winter to smoke and not be so cold. I want the inside to be tasteful, like I imagine a doctor’s home looking. There would be two floors and a basement. When you first walk in, you see the family room which is very calm and relaxing. You continue to the kitchen and dining room with an open floor plan. The basement would be split in half for both my wife and I. My part of the basement would be man themed, full of energy and excitement. There would be a pool table, arcade style games, a shadow box full of military memorabilia, big televisions, and gaming systems. My wife and I would have the master suite upstairs with a California king Temporpedic bed sitting with a beautiful oak finished baseboard and headboards, an enormous television, big bay windows to allow the cool breezes in during the hot, humid summers, and big dark curtains to keep the sun out during the mornings. I do not have any children currently but hope to have one or two in the future and they would also have bedroom up stairs. I would like their bedrooms to be kid oriented so for example if we have a boy nice blues and clouds or jungle with animals. If its a girl then pinks and pony’s or whatever it is my wife decides. My dream home will have an elegant appearance, be in a convenient location, and be tastefully decorated. I also believe a home like this would be perfect for the holidays or family gathering and would allow me to see my family more. These are all the things that would make my home perfect for my wife and I in addition I look forward to making this dream home a reality.

A New Nation and the American Revolution essays

A New Nation and the American Revolution essays The Revolutionary War impacted the lives of the inhabitants of the new nation. Sometimes a group of people was effected and other times a class of people was the victim. The changes, sometimes small, were none-the-less significant in the lives of those in America. The Revolutionary War changed the lives of the inhabitants of the new nation in many different ways depending on whether they were upper class, lower class, slaves or Native Americans. After the war, the upper class was drastically effected by the changes in the nation. They simplify their standards of living and they begin to treat common people, the lower class, with respect. Before the war, the upper class looked down upon the lower class and would not allow themselves to mix with them. This doesn't seem as important anymore for they are a nation, united and free. During the war, England promises the upper class some land for fighting for their country. When they are denied this land, they begin to quarrel amongst thems elves. They begin to feel that political leaders need to demonstrate virtue, accomplishments and dedication to the public good. No longer will they allow a leader without experience or morals to rule them. The lower class of society was effected at the end of the war as well as the upper class. They become less likely to leave all the governing decisions to the upper class. The lower class is becoming more political and is beginning to feel the need to have a hand in the government, whereas before, the lower class was more concerned with getting by and paying their taxes to Britain. Without having to pay the taxes, they can now sell their crops and gain a profit. This leaves them more time to care about the people chosen to rule them. All of a sudden they have been swept into "the people" by rhetoric of the Revolution. They have gained citizenship through military service and distribution of land. Being citizens, they now have the right to vote among ...

101 Social Media Statistics You Need to Know in 2018 - CoSchedule

101 Social Media Statistics You Need to Know in 2018 Social media changes fast. Sometimes, it feels like too much to keep up with. But, if youre going to succeed, you need to know the latest trends and industry stats. You want to know that what youre doing isnt already outdated. And you dont want to miss opportunities, either. Youre busy though. Who has time to keep tabs on all that stuff? If thats how youre feeling, its a good thing youre here. To make things easy, weve pulled together  101 important social media marketing statistics, all in one place. This post is packed with the most up to date information to help you start 2018 off on the right foot. From social media video, demographic data, and usage stats, weve covered it all. Now lets get reading! 101 Social Media Statistics You Need To Know To Build Your 2018 StrategyGet Your 70 Bonus Social Media Statistics Infographic Packing a full 101 stats into one post, would well run a little bit long. Whos got time for that? If the answer is not you, then grab our social media statistics infographic. Its got an extra 70 stats you can easily skim and keep on hand for reference. Download it now, then read through the rest of the post. DID YOU KNOW: makes it easy to organize and execute your entire social media strategy on one unified marketing calendar? Start your free trial or schedule a demo to learn how. TL;DR: Get Your Stats In One Handy Presentation Is clicking left-to-right more your speed than reading this whole post? We get it. Like we said earlier, you're busy (we all are). So, we pulled together this Slidedeck: 8 Social Media Facts That Show Why It’s Important For Your Business Social media marketing needs to be part of your marketing strategy. Why? The number of social media users is on the rise and isn’t going to die down anytime soon. Those users include your potential customers. And if you want to reach them, then you have to play the game. Here are eight more reasons why in case you’re on the fence. 88% of Businesses Are Using Social Media It’s a safe bet to say that almost all businesses are active on social media. If you aren’t, it’s more likely than not that your competitor is. Don’t let them steal your customers! 88% of businesses are using social media.2/3rds of All Americans Are Using Social Media Over  90% of young Americans are active  on different social networks. Using social media can help get your business in front of them at the right time. Two-thirds of all Americans are using social media.67% of All Americans Report Getting Their News From Social Media That means that 217 million people are turning to social  platforms to keep up with current events. Why not let your business’s messages be a part of that daily traffic too? 67% of Americans are using social media.81% of the US Population Has At Least One Social Media Profile The chance of getting your organization's messaging across to consumers at the right time is easier than ever. Why? Because of the increased number of social media users. In fact, that number has grown 5% over the past year. 81% of the US population has at least one social media profile.96% of People Who Talk About Your Brand Online Don’t Follow It This means that the discussion that is happening around your brand  isn’t always coming from your followers. It’s important to keep that statistic in mind when you’re reporting on share of voice metrics. 96% of the people who talk about your brand online aren't actually following you.52% of Social Media Marketers Say That Showing ROI Is One of Their Top Challenges Showing the return on investment for any social media strategist  can cause a panicked reaction. How can you prove to your boss what’s working? and Google Analytics may be able to help you there. 52% of social media marketers say showing ROI is one of their top challenges.91% of Social Media Users Are Accessing Social Channels Via Mobile Devices The use of mobile devices on the rise. Social media strategists need to  make sure that everything they create still conveys the intended message in a portable format. 91% of social media users are accessing social channels via mobile devices.Customers Spend 20-40% More On Companies Who Engage With Them On Social Media If that statistic isn’t enough to get you interacting with your fans online, we don’t know what will. Whether it’s addressing a complaint or saying thanks for a helpful review, genuine interactions will go a long way for your audience. Customers spend 20%-40% more on companies who engage with them on social media.5 Social Media Video Statistics Video marketing is a new frontier for social media marketers. With the addition of live video and disappearing daily stories, marketers are having to think outside the box when it comes to finding new ways to reach their audience. Check out these five statistics on the growth of video marketing. 43% of People Want To See More Video Content From Marketers Your audience is begging for this content. Don’t leave them hanging. 43% of people want to see more video content.100 Million Hours of Video Content is Watched On Facebook Daily That’s equal to about 4.2 days worth of watchable content being consumed in just one day! Recommended Reading: How to Do Facebook Video Marketing the Right Way 86% of Business Related Video Views Take Place On Desktop Computers With that many people consuming your organization's content via desktop both your social media strategists and your video team need to make sure that videos are optimized for desktop viewing. 86% of business-related video views in 2015 took place on desktop computers.56% of All Videos Published Last Year Are Less Than Two Minutes Long We have a shorter attention span than a standard goldfish. That means that a 20-minute video isn’t going to go over well on social media. Remember to keep it concise. [Tweet "56% of all videos published in 2015 were less than two minutes long." The Average Video Retains 37% of Viewers To The End If only 37% of your audience makes it to the end  of your video, put the most need-to-know information first! The average video retains 37% of viewers to the end.8 Social Media Usage Statistics Tracking who is using what social media channel can help your organization predict where your audience is coming from and when they are going to be active. Read these eight statistics and learn how you can target your potential consumers on the right channel at the right time. 70% of Social Media Time Is Spent On Mobile Devices Because mobile devices are nearly always in use  marketers, need to check that their social content is viewable/ still looks good in a different format. 70% of social media time is spent on mobile devices.200 Million People Use Instagram Stories a Month Instagram Stories has grown immensely  over the past few years since its inception. That type of exposure is not something your brand wants to miss out on. 200 million people use Instagram Stories every month.2.5 Billion People Use Messaging Apps The use of messaging apps is growing  and with the creation of autoresponders. How marketers begin to tap into that potential will change the way we use social media marketing. 2.5 billion people use messaging apps.The Average LinkedIn User Spends 17 Minutes On The Site Per Month That means the content you publish has a tiny window of time to make an impact. Choose what you post wisely. Recommended Reading: How to Build the Best LinkedIn Marketing Strategy For Your Business There Are 178 Million Active Snapchat Users Daily If your business is looking to target millennials or generation Z’ers, Snapchat is where it’s at. There are 178 million active Snapchat users daily.Social Media Users Spend An Average of 135 Minutes Per Day Online That’s over two hours worth of content that your audience is consuming every single day. What can you do to help your messages stand out in a sea of content? Social media users spend an average of 135 minutes per day online.80% of People Use Pinterest On Mobile Work with your graphic designers to ensure that everything you post to Pinterest is still viewable on a mobile device. Recommended Reading: The Ultimate Guide to Marketing With Pinterest 2.07 Billion People Are Actively Using Facebook With that many active users, there’s little doubt that at least part of your target audience will be on Facebook in some capacity. Don’t miss your chance to reach them. 2.07  billon people are actively using Facebook.5 Social Media Advertising Statistics Advertising is without a doubt the most efficient way to reach your audience on any social media platform. Navigating it, on the other hand, can be a bit tricky. Here are five statistics to help you create your social media advertising strategy. 93% of Social Media Advertisers Use Facebook Advertising For your content to break through the noise on Facebook,  you’re going to have to boost your posts or turn them into advertisements. 93% of social media advertisers use Facebook advertising.49% of 18 to 29-Year-Olds Have Purchased Something They Saw In a Social Media Ad The younger generation’s journey to purchasing a product is changing. They are starting to be influenced not only by what they see on TV but by what appears in their social media feeds. 49% of 18 to 29-year-olds have purchased something they saw in a social media ad.26% of Facebook Users Who Click On An Ad Make A Purchase Facebook is one of the most popular social media advertising spots between the major platforms. Its ability to convert and reach audiences makes a significant impact. The Average Click Through Rate On A Facebook Ad is .90% Across all of the different industries, WordStream found that the average click-through rate Facebook ads are .90%. The average click-through rate on a Facebook ad is .90%75% to 90% of a Facebook Ad’s Performance is Based on Images In other words, if you’re creating an advertisement for Facebook include dynamic images. This will help make an impact on your viewers. 75% to 90% of a Facebook ad's performance is based on images.5 Social Media Demographic and User Statistics Need more specifics on who is using what channel? Check out these five user and demographic statistics. 83% of Millennials Are On Facebook If your business is looking at millennials as your target audience, start with Facebook. It’s the most active platform for that age group. 83% of Millenials are on Facebook.80% Of Millennials Say Pinterest Helps Them Find What They Want To Buy If you're targeting millennials,  Pinterest would be a strong contender in helping get your products in front of them. 80% of Millenials say Pinterest helps them find what they want to buy.84% Of 30-49 Year Olds Use Facebook While a majority of millennials are active on Facebook, don’t count the older generations out just yet. 84% of 30-49 year olds use Facebook.Over Half Of Instagram Users Are Between The Ages of 18-29 Instagram is another favorite channel for the millennial crowd, with 59% of them using the channel frequently.

The Assault on Reason by Al Gore Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Assault on Reason by Al Gore - Essay Example Nursing homes are run as a community and the community may have certain laws that have to be followed by all those who live in it. These laws may define the nature and the extent of the relationships that individuals within the community can have with each other. While consenting sexual relationships may be seen as acceptable by society at large, the board which controls the nursing home may not consider all such relationships to be kosher. Particularly, in cases where they develop between the individuals working as caregivers and those who are residents of the community. Even in situations where the sexual relationship is between two residents of the same community, there could be legal issues involved which may come about as a result of the health conditions of one partner. For example, if one of the partners has lost or has a diminished capacity to make reasonable judgments, the relationship may not be considered to be founded on consent. These issues give a solid foundation towards denying sexual relationships between the elderly who are placed in nursing homes. However, it must be noted that our society is founded on the principles of freedom and allowing people to do what they want as long as they stay within the bounds of the law. Having a consenting relationship is largely considered to be legal therefore there should be no reason why the elderly should be dined the same freedoms which their counterparts outside the nursing homes enjoy. It is often the agenda of nursing homes to provided a full, fun and participating life experience for the golden years of the elderly therefore they should be permitted to have sexual relationships if they so desire. Further, sex is healthy since it improves the mental abilities of the elderly and prevents them from falling into a cycle of depression. It gives them the understanding that even if they are old, they have not lost their life or their life goals. In

Green Business - Sony Corp Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Green Business - Sony Corp - Research Paper Example It has a global market in all its six major categories of products audio, video, televisions, information and communications, semiconductors and electronic components. The Sony Group is primarily focused on the Electronics (such as AV/IT products & components), Game (such as PlayStation), Entertainment (such as motion pictures and music), and Financial Services (such as insurance and banking) sectors. Not only does it represent a wide range of businesses, but it remains globally unique. Its aim is to fully leverage this uniqueness in aggressively carrying out their convergence strategy so as to continue to emotionally touch and excite customers. Sony Corporation designs, develops, manufactures, and sells electronic equipment, instruments, and devices for consumer, professional, and industrial markets worldwide. The company offers consumer products and devices, including televisions, video cameras, compact digital cameras and digital single-lens reflex cameras, Blu-ray Disc players/re corders, DVD-video players/recorders, home theaters and audio systems, and portable audio and car audio products. It also provides charged coupled devices, complementary metal-oxide semiconductor image sensors, system LSIs, small- and medium-sized TFT LCD panels, and other semiconductors; and components, such as batteries, optical disk drives, chemical products, audio/video/data recording media, storage media, and optical pickups. In addition, the company develops, produces, markets, and distributes games, such as PlayStation3, PlayStation Portable, and PlayStation 2 hardware and related software; and PCs and flash memory digital audio players, as well as manufactures broadcast- and professional-use products, Blu-ray Discs, DVDs, and CD discs. Further, it produces and distributes motion pictures and television programs, and home entertainment; creates and distributes digital content; operates a channel network and studio facilities; and develops entertainment products, services, and technologies. Additionally, the company engages in the music publishing business, as well as provision of various financial services, including insurance, savings products, loans, leasing, and credit financing services; and a network service business and an advertising agency business. It also involves in research, development, design, production, marketing, sales, distribution, and servicing mobile phones, accessories, services, and applications. Vision The Sony Group Environmental Vision presents a philosophy and principles for environmental management activities throughout the global Sony Group with the aim of contributing to the realization of a sustainable society. Since enacting the Sony Global Environmental Policy which is a predecessor of the Sony Group Environmental Vision and the Environmental Action Program, in 1993, Sony has pursued a broad range of environmental initiatives. Philosophy Sony recognizes the importance of preserving the natural environment that sustains a ll life on the earth for future generations and thereby ensuring that all humanity can attain a healthy and enriched life. In order to realize such sustainable society,  Sony strives to achieve a zero environmental footprint throughout the lifecycle of its products and business activities. Principles The driving principles of Sony are to â€Å"reduce the environmental footprint and prevent environmental pollution throughout the li

Immigration, Politics and Policy Contribution Assignment

Immigration, Politics and Policy Contribution - Assignment Example This proposal favors the Latino portion of the population who make up the highest number of immigrants from Mexico, but the government should consider many underlying factors, including the reasons for immigration and the effects on the United States’ resources. This paper will state an overview of reasons to consider when formulating an immigration policy; then propose a possible policy change and implementation plan using the fifth and sixth steps Jansson’s policy plan respectively (Jansson, 2010). According to Guyette, Tavalin and Rooker (2012), the United States has historically attempted to control illegal immigration into the country by passing restrictive policies and increasing border security. These approaches have failed if the ongoing debate for and against illegal immigrants is gouged. Data concerning illegal immigration is mostly hypothetical since transactions concerning immigrants are mostly not recorded in any official documents. For instance, Barnes (2010) in his opinion claims that it costs each native household $ 1,117, per annum to support illegal immigrants, totaling to $113 billion a year for the whole nation. The influx of illegal immigration cases can be traced to a myriad of reasons, but the main cause, in my opinion, is the government’s inefficiency in enforcing its policies on immigration. Therefore, the country needs to refrain from a complete overhaul of policies and ensure enforcement of policies to reduce illegal immigration. The country can adopt a stable policy that can be monitored and improved continuously. Any policy proposal change should ensure accounting for all the positive and negative aspects of immigration, by being fair to illegal immigrants if the merits of having them in the country outweigh the disadvantages. An effective policy should contribute positively to various aspects of the  United States society. It should be implemented and assessable.

Individualism in China: TV Case Study

Individualism in China: TV Case Study Individualism Transition in Chinese Cultural Values Through A Case Study of TV Show Super Girl Introduction â€Å"Individualâ€Å", the term by itself means something or someone unique. Thus, â€Å"Individualism† is a revolution which tends to power the rights of an individual. In countries like America, such a practice is followed. The people there wish that there should be enough personal space for every individual without being disturbed by name of any kind of authority or power as well. But the extreme opposite culture or practice prevails in China, which can be shortly called as collectivism. Here, neither the thought of individual nor their wish is given privilege. It is because they believe in group thought and they strive together for group success. If in case any individual in a group is having opinion mismatch with that of the group, then the individual is expected to suppress the thoughts without disturbing the groups activities. (Pratt, D. D.1991) Such a practice could also be viewed as forcing a common thought upon everybody. But this is their culture and they have be en practicing it for quite long years. We have to say that they got used to it. Now, in the recent past a TV show called â€Å"Super girls† has been commenced and succeeded as well. It is a talent reality show which brings out the talents of an individual to the sight of everybody by giving them a suitable platform. Another interesting fact about this show is that, it is the public who judge the show. They vote for their favorite star of the show and thus the winner is selected. But it is been condemned by the commentators that the Super girls show is kindling the individualistic feeling amidst the collectivism practitioners. Many have started protesting against the show fearing that the show may disturb the Chinese culture. But on the other hand the public started enjoying the entertainment. They are glad to vote for their stars. (Ding, Y. 2008) China is a country which always value team success. Simply speaking, they follow collectivism. They give much importance to group thoughts than the individual opinion. This practice is strictly followed by them in the name of culture. Chinese people have not practiced direct election. But recently the situation has changed because of the Super Girl show in China. It is condemned by the analysts that this show has initiated amidst people individualism. Let us discuss whether the show is really spreading individualism among the Chinese youths. The Chinese culture –A History Change – has been the most prominent factor characterizing the world of today. Every second of our life is changed as discoveries and inventions galore the place we live on. This kind of transformation is not new to the least. It has been a constant factor; right from man finding fire to the scientific revolution, travelling from bullock-carts to modern cars, from eating anything to standardizing the meal we take, the world has almost seen everything. Each change in turn was diversified among several groups of people based on their idealistic values, the ethical principles they followed and their welfare corresponding to their geographical region. These diversified changes slowly developed as cultural behavior of that particular group. Then there came a point where all the diversifications attained saturation. In the end, instead of these changes governing the cultural behavior, it turned out the direct opposite way where cultural behavior dominates the changes. (Songhua, F, n. d) For now, the cycle has turned again. Its almost a revolutionizing act if a person does the direct opposite of what their culture intends them to do. Chinese culture gives the Chinese people their basic identity. They have certain core values which are exclusive and consistent, and these are fashioned by a tradition of four thousand years of history and maintained by the same language as well. Considered to be one of the oldest cultures, the Chinese culture has a vast and traditional history. Several groups of people, each having their own unique traits have shaped and nurtured the Chinese traditions and practices. It has evolved through different ages constantly but has always maintained its true identity. ( Destiny: Culture of China,1998) Being the most populous country in the world, and the geographical landscape covering major part of Asia, there were as many as 56 groups of people who followed unique culture in ancient China. (Constitution, 1982) As time passed by, each of the groups lost their identity and their culture got erased with time. Chinese culture is well influenced by â€Å"Confucius†, who is a Chinese philosopher. The teachings of Confucius are called by the name ‘Confucianism, which stress the importance of individuals education based on morals so that the moral virtue of the state will be raised. (Downs, 1971) China-present Scenario In the current scenario, China is considered to be the fastest emerging super power engaging itself to compete at the top most level in almost all fields starting from business to space research. Its economic transition is increasing exponentially when compared to other countries. In such a high paced world, the time spent for conserving the true traits and habitat of Chinese culture is often neglected. Given the exposure to television and internet services, already doubts have risen among several quarters about the sustainability of the age old heritage. The different cultures exposed to people through these commercial mediums have fascinated the current generation of people to explore the then unassailable cultures leaving them unfazed by the deterioration of their own culture. (Child, J., David, K. 2001). Individualism – A theory Oyserman, Coon, et al.s (2002) through their extensive analysis on individualism and collectivism suggest that Individualism can be considered as a stand-alone construct for analyzing cross-cultural comparisons. They suggest that individualism as the core reason for the extensive differences society, emotions and individual behavior. Individualism can be considered to be the most critical factor for modeling a personality of oneself. Mcrae (2001) also suggests that a countrys decision to explore and try out new things depends on their individualistic nature. Since every person contributes to the success of a country, this statement does offer a fruitful thought about individualism and its effects. The thought of exploration and trying new things is termed to be an important characteristic of individualism as it leads individuals to form new relationships based on their needs and tasks. Also, the relationship life is not formed on the basis of solidarity and people often entangle them selves in new relationships, which is completely opposite to Chinese culture. Another important characteristic of individualism is that it plays an integral part in the well being of an individual. The individual may be fully satisfied with the right to choose their own purpose and their own vision in their life. They enjoy complete satisfaction of what they are performing. This is one of the reasons that individualistic countries produce lots of inventions and new kinds of activities every now and then. People are allowed to explore in their own ways. (Lam C 1997) On the other hand, though individualism allows people to have their own relationships, it also lends to an increase in the number of divorces in an individualistic country. But then, by all means, people are satisfied in both ends with their relationships and they enjoy complete freedom. People following individualism provide higher importance to their leisure activities compared to other nations. It has been confirmed through reports that individualistic people tend to make self analyzed decisions based on their own experiences instead of carrying out tasks suggested by others. (Schimmack, Radhakrishnan, et al., 2002) Collectivism versus individualism Basically Chinese people value collectivism rather than individualistic opinion. There is no difference that matter to race, class or community. Their focus is upon the opinion or claim of a group or association. They always demand that a group is more important than an individual. This at times led to suppression of self opinion and interest for the welfare of the group as a whole. Thus collectivists must be able to do sacrifice. But the interesting fact about this is, pure democracy is a form of collectivism. (Jhuener,2006) On the other hand most American countries have developed individualism. They believe, without protecting individuals right, there is no sense in protecting an individual. Thus individualism is described as a revolution which protects an individuals right which in turn protects a man from the other and thus it protects the state as a whole. It opposes collectivism saying that it denies an individual his or her right to life. Moreover they charge against the collectivists that they are poisoning the country. Also they condemn that the ability and efforts of some men are been sacrificed for the sake of others. (Wong, E. Y. 2001) David Brooks, a newspaper editor, has analyzed about the striking behavior of the mentality of the collectivists and that of the individualists. He cites an interesting example. If we show the image of a fish tank to an American, he will focus the biggest fish in the tank and will start explaining about it, whereas if the same image is shown to a Chinese person, he will view the tank as a whole and will start explaining about the contextual behavior of the group of fishes inside. Brooks says (2008) â€Å"An American in general looks into the category but a Chinese will look into the context†. Also Brooks (2008) explains the behavior of people in collectivistic countries and individualistic countries as People in individualistic countries tend to overestimate their skills whereas those in collectivistic societies under estimate their skills. People in countries like China will always tend to contribute more for group efforts. Scientist too has supported his thoughts. They say relationship is the key to happiness. People living in groups tend to flourish whereas those living alone tend to depression and they even commit suicide. Super Girl – the show Any country which gets a feel of something attractive and something they could get attracted too would welcome it with open hearts. Such is a scenario with the television show, â€Å"Super Girl†. It is basically a Chinese version of â€Å"American Idol† TV show. When the show first started in 2005, it attracted as many as 400 million people from China, almost equaling the population of US and UK totaled together. It is a female contested show, where any girl irrespective of our background origin and other details can participate in it and showcase her talent. The show was conducted in a hierarchical round order, where each round filters the number of candidates and only the best of the lot enter the final round. (China Daily, 2005) The 2005 season saw more than a hundred thousand applicants. Everyone was given 30 seconds to perform on stage and in the allotted time they have to impress the judge with their talent. Out of the entire competitors, three were filtered for the final round. They battled it out in one of the most exciting shows that entire China has never experienced. (China Daily, 2005) The exposure was so much that during the final show, almost every Chinese voted for the contestants to show their support. The major feature that attracted people towards the show apart from the glittering display was that the people were in turn played the role of the judges. It involved voting through SMS and other services. This made everyone feel as if they contribute towards the selection of the winner and this in turn motivated each individuals spirits. (Ding, Y. 2008) One of the major factors of individualism that affected the Chinese culture through this show was neither the Government, nor the party had any sort of role to play in its success. Its an ultimately new thing for the people of China. The reason for that is, prior to this show, the only entertainment that was given to people through television was Spring Festival show, conducted by the government itself. And this show was running under strict supervision. Only the party people were allowed to view it, the rest were all watching through television alone. In fact, they were allowed only to watch, not even to participate. Rest of the shows that got aired was all military programs, bashing out all kinds of military anthems and stuffs. And so, in short, with this show, the party and the government were neglected all together. For, the people, any kind of information and policy from the government regarding the show wouldnt have mattered anything. Hence, there was no show as universally accepted as this show was. (Hutong, X. 2005) The country till then had never favored any individual pop star to turn media towards them and gain popularity. So, when the three young lads, in their early 20s, rocked the stage with confidence and superiority, the whole nation appreciated and amazed. It was a freedom of liberty, a freedom of expression to many individuals to show their talent to all in a way they have never done before. (Hutong, X. 2005). This is the most popular as well as the most sensational show as well. But then, it is been condemned by the politicians that this show is offending the traditional custom of China. Inevitably this show has kindled the nationalists to debate upon the democracy in China. Generally the success of TV shows lies upon the comments of certain analysts who could be political commentator. Thus they took in their hands to post-mortem about the sensational show. Yardley, J. (2005). Rise of individualism Since the time when China became as Peoples Republic of China in 1949, ‘Collectivism has been their policy. It still remains the same. It does not have direct elections to select a person to run the country. On this point of view, the â€Å"Super Girl† show has provided the people a new form of election where individual voting matters. It just totally opposes the cultural values of China. (Junbo, J. 2009). It follows the footsteps of ‘individualism which leads to the path of democracy in a non-democratic country. This is the point where the show attracted envys from all corners on a political perspective. As soon as the show gained popularity, the politicians criticized it to be ridiculous and rudimentary, obstructing the growth of Chinese culture and mentioned it as promoting individualism. (Quing, M. 2005). The change in cultural values towards individualism did not stop with entertainment channel alone. The mindset of the people was another major factor that got changed. In China before Super Girl, people were not given an opportunity to vote. This in turn lead people disabled to execute their freedom to pursue their own course of life. In all ways, the government or the path came in their way. After this show, people have an opportunity to exercise their right to participate, execute their will. (Li, B. , 2005). The other change brought about by this show is that the excitement and joy experienced by the people during the show, displayed that people are ready to move away from the idealistic values followed by the communist party. Though this seems to be just a view of people, many critics believe that it has led to a new phenomenon emulating the civil society, where individual people can be given the higher priority rather than the society. Starting from the end of the 20th century, there have been innumerable divisions within the society based on social and cultural values. Zhu Dake (2005) has even mentioned about this, The Super Girls let us see that when the media can grasp public opinion, it can generate a powerful force. I feel that public opinion will be the most productive force in 21st century China. Role of media Coming to the part the media played in this, the â€Å"Super Girls† show has showed that how powerful media can be. It has given a solid strength and evidence to the people that media has the power to change the face of the nation. It has the power to raise the voice of the public, no matter how big the government is. Also, with the advent of internet really making its way into each and everyones lives, the right to express individual view as gathered attention and people are starting to use it. Super Girl-Show for all Before the show was aired, every activity performed in the country was gradually developing a split between the different levels of society. The elite and rich people of China had a better say in each and every activity than the under-privileged. This was turning out to be a major factor cultivating caste and ethnic group differences. The arrival of this show smashed up such theories that were existing and that were been practiced. It cleared the air stating a firm statement that the country and participation is for all. (Lynch, D. 2005) Super Girls – the three finalists and their spirit of individuality Out of the several thousands of people who competed in the Super girl show, three girls were selected in the final. They were Li Yuchun, Zhou Bichang, Zhang Liangying. Out of the three , Li Yuchun emerged as the winner with almost 3.5 million votes. What helped her , irrespective of our weak voice was her personality and undeterred attitude and motivation to succeed. These are the traits of individualism. She had a, very much look of boyish hair style and a smile that could lead 1000 other people smile. Her main characteristic that made her the youth icon of 2005 was her astounding capability to enthrall the public and her fearless competitive nature. She was determined to win the competitions and was ready to show her self-identity. She was an ordinary person with no identity till the show was conducted. Later on, she became the heartthrob of many youths, instilling individualism in many of them. Even after several months of performing, all the three of them continued to improve their singing skill; the way handled the public and popularity was phenomenal. Chinese culture was basically related with human inner feelings and nature. They do not care about the outer looks. But then, through this show, the girls were dressed and prepared like Westerners. The Westerners got this trend only because of individual exploration. They were not afraid of the society for what they were wearing and in-turn led them to different findings. The same principle was followed here by the super girls, leading them to advertise the individualistic love for dresses to general public. They advertised themselves as an example of individualism. The culture of westerners is being imported by the girls but nonetheless, the girls have modified it to their own culture and traditions. (Robertson 1995) An example is the fast food processing identified by U.S but then, the Chinese followed it and created thei r own menus according to their culture. The girls served as the best examples of global advertising and cultural change. Super Girl – reaction from government As a result of the pressure scenarios created by the show, the government, on 2007, banned people from casting their votes through messaging and internet. In addition to this , the government also changed the show timings in such a way that it is not shown in prime time and as a result there wont be as much viewers as there were in 2005. They have also placed rules on who all could participate in the show. ( Kim, N, 2009 ) This is in response to their thought that the contenders are turning out to be bad role models for the current and future generation. They wanted even the dressings and hairstyles of the participants should be strictly in line with the traditional culture of the society. (Bao,. X.J., 2006). Rules were proposed to an extent that they decided to ban the show. But the show went on in 2009 with all these restrictions and is expected to continue. Some critics who are in favor of the show believe the amendments in media rules to be a first step of success against the government. They are also of the opinion that with appropriate and planned teaching, people can be cognizant of the democratic values and can influence democracy to be started in the country. They pose the view that the people of US were not born with the talent of choosing right leaders, it came to them only in practice as part of their lifestyle. They believe that such thing could happen with China if practiced for twenty years. ( Ning, Q., Ning, C.T.K. 2002) Super Girl-benefits in different fields Apart from democracy, this show has been a revelation in providing quality contents to the public, the method of operations being so contemporary, changing the ideal work ethics followed by the orthodox people. In terms of social values and society, the program was able to meet the demands inherent in common people. It helped them satisfy their desire to exercise their rights. In terms of financial changes, this show provided revenue like never before, thus increasing the economical stature of the country from entertainment industry too. (Xinhua., 2006) Super Girl –Negative Remarks As a show, society wise, it didnt cause any problem. But due to its huge popularity, the show gathered crowd wherever it got telecasted. As a result of it, the law men had a tough time to handle the crowd. The crowds near the stadium were relentless to enter and the law men had to use their sources to get rid of them. The whole situation had become unruly. The politicians later on took this as one of the reasons for bashing at the show. The criticism was not a major one and it was forgotten as time passed by. Another issue that occurred was that the selection round was not done properly and there were complaints from some of the participants that though they performed well, they were eliminated and some kind of discrimination is done for selection based on some issue. All this has not been given strong evidence till now and hence the complaints were not taken seriously. These were some of the black marks which happened during its course time. Personal perspective On a personal point of view, life is just a matter of mental perception. One can find a sea of change in life if the view of the same problem is just changed from its current perception. The people who come to participate in the competition are from different traditions and origins. Before they could perform, one could see their culture and tradition being exposed to others, either by themselves, or through their characteristics. Such traditional culture takes a dump when they perform and get publicized after some success. Their individualism takes the front stage leaving out the collectivism and Confucianism. They are prompted to be self-aware, self –conscious, care about themselves and neglect the so called cultural collectivism. This can be seen in two ways. This either affects their own cultural development or in a positive note, helps them liberalize and understand their own self rights. It is obvious that both cannot be achieved simultaneously. (Bodde, D.1957) Apart from the contestant point of view, the other factor that comes in here is the democracy and direct election. In my view, I dont see any kind of relation between the Super Girl show voting system and democracy. Yes, I understand, it is one form exercising ones right to participate. It gives you pleasure that you performed something that could change the fate of other person. But the change doesnt have the magnitude that a democracy election would have over an entire country. (Zhou, R. 2005). This being one view, one other point of view is that this could be seen as a democratic seed sown in a communist land. People tend to exaggerate this simple thing into such a huge issue that it got concerns from the government itself and led to the restriction on the show itself. Here, I have to mention that Chinese people have thrown sand on themselves. They have seen something new, some new change being happening, which they could capitalize on and make it scale greater heights. Instead, they tried to expose the democratic alliance that it minutely had, into a full blown issue and it showed the effects of it. (Jakes S. 2006) It is not possible here to suggest a predicament on whether the democracy interpreted through the show is valuable, deep and thought provoking. There is no compromise on whether it kindled the thought or not. Some people would go for a yes, some would go for a no but there can never be a unanimous decision for this issue. (Time,1954). People all of a sudden forget the mere existence of the central government and without any message or communication from the top level governance; they just started forming groups and started enjoying by their groups. They have merely forgotten the presence of a top level institution in the country. They were living in their reel life rather than their real life. (Ding, Y. 2008). According to D.D Pratt (1991), transformation from collectivistic nature of human being to individualism involves transformation of personality. This in his view is done in terms of perceptual, rational and moral knowledge. On Chinese point of view, it is about perfection and education. Hence their view was fully focused on Confucianism, and their human nature was limited in its view. With the advent of this show, it is shown that the Chinese have found about the innumerable forms that a human nature relationship can take in its entirety. Hofstede, G. (2001). The major highlight of the show that specially characterizes individualism is the way each one is given the freedom to express themselves, how they are given the freedom to express their emotions, there inside thoughts, irrespective of their tradition. The show showed that culture is just nothing but sharing between one another and the resulting boundaries that develop to individual groups. When people from different culture, from different walks of the society are pitted against each other, they make their own assumptions about others only based on their own culture that is their values and principles they follow. These are only reasonable from their point of view, not from others. Hence, these conceptions take a dig when they do something wrong, which in turn, leads them to do self conscious work and that is, individualism. So, self-conscious nature gets into them once they enter the show itself. This in turn affects the already inherent cultural values inside them. (Ding, Y. 2008). The other reasons that I could state for the analysis of individualism in Super Girl show is that it is not only providing the current generation youth, a role model to look for , or a principle to follow for, but the fact is the feel of warmth, a fresh charming wavelength flowing between the contestants and the youth. They give high priority to this warmth, higher than their friends; higher than their colleagues; and most importantly, higher than the model set created on a moral basis by the Chinese government. The other factor is the psychological factor. The youth are able to get psychologically inspired through this show. Psychological inspiration involves , a belief in inside to follow their goal, a head start to achieve their goals and an attitude, that can take success or failure – no matter what comes, taking both in a positive way. So, for all these aspects, the culture of the Super Girls can be used as an instrument in shaping up their career. (Yan, Y 2000) An apt example for this scenario could be, the application of rules and regulations in an apt manner can be followed by other rule making or governing institutions. People who feel are lagging in educational career, can concentrate on their extra-curricular talents with this show as an inspiration. So, this show gives the self confidence to the youth and in the process applies self-realization. Another example that could be provided is how even the under-privileged people can learn from the Super Girls, the ability to persist until the goal is reached. It gives them the confidence not to rest until the limelight is achieved. (Zan, Z.2009). According to Ha Jin, an acclaimed writer, The Chinese youth have changed their own perception. They think about themselves differently. They are self-worthier and they have started to think in terms of earning money for themselves to achieve their purpose. He feels that people are no more thinking that individualism is a bad factor and they are appreciating it Conclusion It is a fact that the â€Å"Super Girls† show has sown the seed of individualism in China. This situation can be compared to a drowning person who gets air mixed with carbon dioxide. It is obvious that the person will try to take as much air as possible without caring the level of carbon dioxide. The same has happened in China. But, this cannot be exaggerated by any means. Though the show is running for a period of 6 years, the amount of individualism impact it had upon the Chinese youth is very minimal. Individualism is a complicated issue and is directly related with the development of the nation. China, being the fastest developer in the world is yet to come in terms with the individualistic nature of U.S on cultural perspective. The national differences are going to continue to be prevalent between these nations. No matter, how many different numbers of shows come, the domination of traditional collectivism in historic China is not going to be replaced by individualism any time soon. References Hofstede, G. (2001). Cultures consequences (2nd ed.). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage. McCrae, R. R. (2001). Trait psychology and culture: Exploring intercultural comparisons. 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Moral education in transition: The values conflict in China. Studies in Philosophy and Education. 12, doi:10.1007/BF01235475 Ning, Q., Ning, C.T.K.(2002). Chinese Students Encounter America. Honk Kong: Hong Kong University Press. Bodde, D.(1957) Chinas cultural tradition, what and whither? Source problems in world civilization. London: Rinehart. Schimmack, U., Radhakrishnan, P., Oishi, S., Dzokoto, V. Ahadi,S. (2002). Culture, personality, and subjective well-being: Integrating process models of life-satisfaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 1313–1329. Ding, Y. (2008). A critical comparison of American Idol and Super Girl: A cross-cultural communication analysis of American and Chinese cultures. Retrieved from : http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/377/1/Yding_2008-1_BODY.pdf Zan, Z.(2009). Paradise and paradox : on the Super Voice Girls : elementary discussion on popular culture, youth, media and state politics of contemporary China. 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