Comparing Relationships in Susan Glaspells Trifles and...

Female Relationships in Susan Glaspells Trifles and Cherrie Moragas Giving Up the Ghost The plays Trifles, by Susan Glaspell, and Giving Up the Ghost, by Cherrie Moraga, focus on womens interaction in various contexts. Despite the seventy-eight years between their performance dates and the drastic difference in settings and narrative content, the main female characters are comparable, as Mrs. Hale, in Trifles, points out, We all go through the same things -- its just a different kind of the same thing (Norton Anthology of Literature by Women, 1359). These plays show the varying degrees of closeness women can have in female relationships, and the role circumstances play. When Trifles opens, Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters do not†¦show more content†¦Mrs. Hale uses the canary as a metaphor for Mrs. Wright, who once sang and, also like the bird, was kept in a cage. The county attorney telling Mrs. Peters, a sheriffs wife is married to the law (1359), causes her to think of herself as similar to Mrs. Wright, as she is in the figurative cage of morality, in which she must decide to stay confined or leave by disregarding the law. By interpreting the house, Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters can discern Mrs. Wrights emotions and rationale for killing her husband. Just as Mrs. Hale thinks it is a crime to have not visited Mrs. Wright, Mrs. Peters acknowledges her previous criminal desire to hurt the boy who killed her kitten: the realization of their similarities brings Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters closer to the persona of Mrs. Wright they have imagined, and indirectly to each other. Because they can understand her, these women sympathize with Mrs. Wright and thus d o not condemn her, but instead rationalize her actions. Though not stated, Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters probably think they are more suitable judges of Mrs. Wright since men are incapable of understanding her, and therefore conceal the evidence of her motive in an effort to declare her innocent. Despite this technically being obstruction of justice, audiences likely view the women as preventing a greater injustice; thus, Glaspell could be suggesting that together women can circumvent the constraints of society and/or government. At a time when women did not serve on juries,

Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension (PIH) and Preeclampsia Essay

Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) and Preeclampsia A. Discussion of disease/condition 1. Incidence Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) is a multi-organ disease process that develops as a result of pregnancy and regresses in the postpartum period. It usually develops after 20 weeks of gestation in a woman who had normal blood pressure. It is defined as an elevation of systolic and diastolic pressures equal to or above 140/90 mm Hg. In clinical practice, the terms PIH and preeclampsia are used interchangeable, but in preeclampsia the woman also has protein in her urine indicating that there is renal involvement as well. The only know cure for preeclampsia is delivery of the fetus. It is a relatively common problem of†¦show more content†¦This will cause many changes such as decreased venal perfusion, glomerular damage, impaired liver function, small cerebral hemorrhages, pulmonary edema, dyspnea and decreased placental circulation. Decrease placental circulation can result in infarctions that increase the risk for abruptio placentae. Also when maternal blood flows through the placenta is decreased, the fetus is likely to experience intrauterine growth restriction and persistent fetal hypoxemia and acidosis (Murray, p679-681) 4. Signs and Symptoms Hypertension, generalized edema and proteinuria are the three classic signs of preeclampsia. The first sign is that a pregnant women may notice is edema and a rapid weight gain which are due to fluid retention. Hypertension is defined as sustained blood pressure equal to or above 140/90. Blood pressure should be taken in the sitting position with the arm supported in a horizontal position at hear level. Proteinuria usually develops later than hypertension an edema. The combination of proteinuria and hypertension indicates a worsening disease process. Additional signs include vascular constriction and narrowing of small arteries (e.g. when the retina is examines). Deep tendon reflexes may be very brisk (hyperreflexia) and clonus may be present. This may suggest cerebral irritability. Preeclampsia is dangerous for the woman and fetus for 2 reasons. The firstShow MoreRelatedPregnancy Induced Hypertension1243 Words   |  5 PagesMETHYLDOPA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION Contents Introduction Risk factors for the development of hypertension in pregnancy Endothelial dysfunction- a key mechanism in pathogenesis of preeclampsia Management of hypertension in pregnancy Methyldopa in management of hypertension in pregnancy Effects of methyldopa for hypertension in pregnancy- evidence based studies Summary References Introduction Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) is defined as diastolic blood pressure 90mmRead MoreExploring The Negative Effects Of Maternal Obesity1675 Words   |  7 Pagesduring pregnancy and labor. In addition, a disconnect in perception and awareness exists such that most obese pregnant women who gain weight during pregnancy underestimate their Body Mass Index (BMI); and also have poor knowledge about the risk associated with obesity. In our time period, there is a significant increase in the average body index in all age groups and most commonly with the women who are entering their reproduction age. According to the article, â€Å"Weight Gain During Pregnancy†, a normalRead MoreEffects Of Teen Pregnancy On Teenage Pregnancy1620 Words   |  7 Pageswith many consequences due to teenage pregnancy. This paper will strictly focus on the effects females experience through teenage pregnancy. The reader will be able to develop an overall understanding of the causes of teen pregnancy. Also, the reader will be able to distinguish the psychosocial effects on the girl during adolescent pregnancy. The reader shall understand the risks of health complications females experience through childbearing. Teenage pregnancy could be defined as a teenage femaleRead MoreThe Postpartum Period : A Time Of Huge Physiologic And Psychological Adjustment1781 Words   |  8 Pageswhich is a medical emergency. Post partum blood pressure should be close to the patient’s baseline. If the mother experienced pregnancy induced blood pressure complications such pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), or preeclampsia, blood pressure should be monitored more closely; although these conditions typically resolve soon after childbirth, post partum preeclampsia can develop up to six weeks after delivery (Howell, 2013). Hypotension can be caused by orthostatic intolerance, shock, or sideRead Morehesi practice6681 Words   |  27 Pagesthe loss of this child.   B)  Relief of ambivalent feelings experienced with this pregnancy.   C)  Shock because she may not have realized that she was pregnant.   D)  Guilt because she had not followed her healthcare providers instructions.   3. The nurse is planning preconception care for a new female client. Which information should the nurse provide the client? A)  Discuss various contraceptive methods to use until pregnancy is desired.   B)  Provide written or verbal information about prenatal care.   C)  Ask

A Case Study of Google Recruiting Free Essays

A Case Study of Google Recruiting Google’s recruitment process is famously difficult, with candidates having to face multiple interviews (we’ve heard stories of ‘double figures’) while those with sound work experience have been turned down due to having less than perfect college grades. As the company continues its rapid expansion, it has been forced to streamline this process, with Google co-founder Sergey Brin acknowledging last year that the company’s high bar for hiring was holding back its expansion. Google has increased its workforce by an average of 16 people daily, from 1,628 at the end of 2003 to 3,021 in 2004 and 5,680 at the end of last year. We will write a custom essay sample on A Case Study of Google Recruiting or any similar topic only for you Order Now Candidates have had to endure interviews with various different Google staff, as well as facing aptitude tests like this one. The average number of interviews for those offered a job at Google dropped from 6. 2 at the beginning of the year to 5. 1 in June. The company is said to be considering speeding up the process to prevent candidates accepting other jobs while waiting for a reply from Google. Candidates shouldn’t expect an easy ride though. According to the  Wall Street Journal, Google Chief Executive Eric Schmidt said in July that the company was â€Å"able to now in fact increase the standards by which we select and hire new people†. Google is said to place high importance on college grades, which can be frustrating for older candidates with a wealth of work experience How to cite A Case Study of Google Recruiting, Free Case study samples

Armenian Genocide free essay sample

Armenian Genocide Throughout history, instances of religious groups turning to violence or being victimized for their religion have unfortunately occurred. The most prominent instance of this that immediately comes to mind for most is the Holocaust, where millions of Jews were killed by the Germans, led by Adolf Hitler (KÂ ©vorkian 8). Many have not been educated to the fact that there have been many other significant genocides within the last one hundred years based on religious violence, one being the Armenian Genocide (United 3). Although not so nearly well known as the Holocaust, this genocide was every bit as horrible. Looking in depth at the Armenian Genocide of 191 5, one will see the gruesome and atrocious actions of the Ottoman Empire toward the Armenian people and may questions many of these movements. Although there may not be answers to why people would act so unethically, the Armenian Genocide is a superb example of religious groups using violence to gain power. We will write a custom essay sample on Armenian Genocide or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Armenian Genocide is not well known due to the fact that many nations deny its occurrence, despite the overwhelming physical evidence and stories told by survivors. The United States, however, recognizes that the Armenian Genocide happened and states that [a]t least 1,000,000, and possibly well over half of the Armenian population, are reliably estimated to have been killed or death marched by independent authorities (United 3). The negative feelings that Muslims of the Ottoman Empire had toward the Christian Armenians that led to this enormous number of deaths developed over many centuries. Originally, the Armenians were an individual entity, claiming their nation in Eurasia as the first in the world to make Christianity its official religion in the fourth century AD. During the fifteen century though, they were absorbed by the Ottoman Empire. At the beginning this did not pose a serious problem, with the Armenians being a minority and being underprivileged in the Muslim society (Winter 68). Christians had to pay higher taxes than Muslims, for example, and they had very few political and legal rights. Despite being viewed as infidels and being treated unequally, the Armenians managed to thrive in society (Armenian par 7). The successes in life gained by the Armenians made the Muslims of the Ottoman Empire uneasy. The Armenians tended to be more educated and wealthier, which led others to begin to resent their success. As the Ottoman Empire began to crumble throughout the nineteenth century, suspicions that the Armenians would be more loyal to Christian governments than that of the Ottoman caliphate increased. Once the Turkish people entered World War I in 1914, military leaders argued over Armenian loyalty; once the Armenians organized volunteer battalions to help the Russian army fght against the Turks in the Caucasus region, the want for the removal of Armenians in the area increased (Winter 91-2). In the case of the Armenian Genocide, as with many other acts of religious violence, feelings of hatred are developed over many years. Many may simply ask, why lash out with violence? The slams may have decided to act on their suspicions out of fear and anxiety that The first day of the Armenian Genocide was April 24, 191 5 (United 3). This was the start of many gruesome, horrific events that resulted in hundreds of thousands of deaths. The initial act that began the genocide was the arrest and soon after killing of several hundred Armenians. From there, the genocide took off with many Armenian eaders being imprisoned and tortured to death, while the Armenian soldiers were either massacred after being disarmed or worked to the point of exhaustion and death. The most predominant form of death that occurred was the Armenians being marched to their death in the Mesopotamian and Syrian deserts (KÂ ©vorkian 17). They were removed from their homes and often times separated from their family, were stripped naked, given no food or water, and had to walk in the scorching sun through the desert with no destination. They walked until they dropped dead and if they topped to catch their breath or rest, they were subsequently shot and killed by the Turkish government (Armenian par 3). There are survivors who have witnessed many of these horrendous actions and who have seen people in their weakest, most helpless moments. One male survivor who Just barely cheated death describes his experience: l had a child on my back, had on womens clothes, my face was covered with mucus, and I was limping. Lice would not leave us alone. They would get in our eyes, nose, mouth. I had gotten so weak that I couldnt stand up. I was reduced to bones by this time, half dead (Miller 82). Surprising as it may seem, people did experience intense torture and were victims of religious violence simply for being a Christian. It is shocking that the slams who acted so unethically and murdered so many people can think that their actions were acceptable and Just in the eyes of their God. How can people commit such ruthless acts based simply off of ones religious beliefs? This question is still being asked around the world today in other religious violence cases such as Darfur in Sudan. The differing stories among survivors about the rides in the caravan to the desert how how the religious abuse changed from case to case. Miller explains that the experience of caravan members seems to have depended greatly on the attitude of gendarmes who were escorting them (78). He explains that some people were slaughtered during those rides while others remained untouched (Miller 79). This is a prime example of how the violence was not only a general movement of the Muslims, but how it may have varied between different scenarios. It may be possible that some involved in the killing of the Armenians were not completely evil, but felt pressured by those in command. Some people may have acted inappropriately due to fear that if they stood up for themselves and their beliefs, they may be heartlessly slaughtered Just like the Armenians. Cases of religious violence are often largely due to opinionated and forceful people who may convince others to act unjustly by brainwashing them or scaring them. Although there is not one specified leader who caused the Armenian genocide, this is still seen in other instances such as Adolf Hitler and his influence on the Holocaust. Another significant factor of the Armenian Genocide was that of the Special Organization created by the Muslims whose goal was the liquidation of the Christian elements (KÂ ©vorkian 106). The Turkish hillside became full of Armenian of cliffs, drowned them in rivers, crucified them, and even buried them alive. Women who were not killed in the desert or by this process of turkification were raped and forced into slavery. With children, the Special Organization believed that there was still potential for fixation. They kidnaped children, forced them to convert to Muslim religion, and gave them away to Turkish families, who raised them as Islam KÂ ©vorkian 110-2).

Vietnam War Essay Thesis Example For Students

Vietnam War Essay Thesis I think that the Vietnam War was justified as the Americans were trying tohelp Vietnam becoming communist country and they though that communism wasa bad thing not realizing that the Vietnamese had it rough to start with. It was just some of the thing that the Americans did that mad the warunjustified. The war never just started the US just bleed more supplies in to the Frenchthen some CIA to do some work then by 1961 he sent some Green Berets in andby August 1964, he secured from Congress a functional (not actual)declaration of war: the Tonkin Gulf Resolution. Then, in February and March1965, Johnson authorized the sustained bombing, by U.S. aircraft, oftargets north of the 17th parallel, and on 8 March dispatched 3,500 Marinesto South Vietnam. Legal declaration or not, the United States was now atwar. We will write a custom essay on Vietnam War Thesis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The multiple starting dates for the war complicate efforts to describe thecauses of U.S. entry. The United States became involved in the war for anumber of reasons, and these evolved and shifted over time. Primarily,every American president regarded the enemy in Vietnamthe Vietminh; its1960s successor, the National Liberation Front (NLF); and the government ofNorth Vietnam, led by Ho Chi Min as agents of global communism. U.S. policymakers, and most Americans, regarded communism as the antithesis ofall they held dear. Communists scorned democracy, violated human rights,pursued military aggression, and created closed state economies that barelytraded with capitalist countries. Americans compared communism to acontagious disease. If it took hold in one nation, U.S. policymakersexpected contiguous nations to fall to communism, too, as if nations weredominoes lined up on end. In 1949, when the Communist Party came to powerin China, Washington feared that Vietnam would become the next Asiandomino. That was one reason for Trumans 1950 decision to give aid to theFrench who were fighting the Vietminh. Truman also hoped that assisting the French in Vietnam would help to shoreup the developed, non-Communist nations, whose fates were in surprisingways tied to the preservation of Vietnam and, given the domino theory, allof Southeast Asia. Free world dominion over the region would providemarkets for Japan, rebuilding with American help after the Pacific War. U.S. involvement in Vietnam reassured the British, who linked their postwar recovery to the revival of the rubber and tin industries in theircolony of Malaya, one of Vietnams neighbours. And with U.S. aid, theFrench could concentrate on economic recovery at home, and could hopeultimately to recall their Indochina officer corps to oversee therearmament of West Germany, a Cold War measure deemed essential by theAmericans. These ambitions formed a second set of reasons why the UnitedStates became involved in Vietnam. As presidents committed the United States to conflict bit by bit, many ofthese ambitions were forgotten. Instead, inertia developed againstwithdrawing from Vietnam. Washington believed that U.S. withdrawal wouldresult in a Communist victoryEisenhower acknowledged that, had electionsbeen held as scheduled in Vietnam in 1956, Ho Chi Minh would have won 80%of the voteand no U.S. president wanted to lose a country to communism. Democrats in particular, like Kennedy and Johnson, feared a right-wingbacklash should they give up the fight; they remembered vividly theaccusatory tone of the Republicans 1950 question, Who lost China? Thecommitment to Vietnam itself, passed from administration to administration,took on validity aside from any rational basis it might once have had. Truman, Eisenhower, and Kennedy all gave their word that the United Stateswould stand by its South Vietnamese allies. If the United States abandonedthe South Vietnamese, its word would be regarded as unreliable by othergovernments, friendly or not. So U.S. credibility seemed at stake. .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19 , .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19 .postImageUrl , .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19 , .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19:hover , .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19:visited , .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19:active { border:0!important; } .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19:active , .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19 .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue20169d4d0fcfe7877b48cf498de8d19:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Rising Tide EssayAlong with the larger structural and ideological causes of the war inVietnam, the experience, personality, and temperament of each presidentplayed a role in deepening the U.S. commitment. Dwight Eisenhowerrestrained U.S. involvement because, having commanded troops in battle, hedoubted the United States could fight a land war in Southeast Asia. Theyouthful John Kennedy, on the other hand, felt he had to prove his resolveto the American people and his Communist adversaries, especially in theaftermath of several foreign policy blunders early in his administration. Lyndon Johnson saw the Vietnam War as a test of his mettle, as a Southernerand as a man. He exhorted his soldiers to nail the coonskin to the wallin Vietnam, likening victory to a successful hunting expedition. When Johnson began bombing North Vietnam and sent the Marines to SouthVietnam in early 1965, he had every intention of fighting a limited war. Heand his advisers worried that too lavish a use of U.S. firepower mightprompt the Chinese to enter the conflict. It was not expected that theNorth Vietnamese and the NLF would hold out long against the Americanmilitary. And yet U.S. policymakers never managed to fit military strategyto U.S. goals in Vietnam. Massive bombing had little effect against adecentralized economy like North Vietnams. The Vietnam War was just as justified as the First World War; they didnthave to do anything about it, but they did. People thought that war was aromantic and heroic thing to be involved in. It wasnt until TV brought thewar into the lounge rooms of the Families that they started to see howhorrible war is.

History of General Motors

History of General Motors General Motors (GM) is a multinational corporation with its headquarters situated in Detroit Michigan. The companys history dates back a couple of decades and entails a broad range of industrial activities worldwide.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on History of General Motors specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More General Motors history delves in motorized transportation, engineering and manufacturing (Barnhoorn, 2012, p. 45). The company was established in 1908 as a holding corporation. By 2012, General Motors had employed over 202,000 people. Today, the company has created employment for over 324,000 people worldwide. Besides, it has sold over 8.35 million cars globally (Chowdhury, 2014). The company sells its cars under different brands. The current brands include Vauxhall, Cadillac, Buick, and Chevrolet. Apart from selling cars, General Motors also distributes numerous non-automotive brands like Terex and Euclid . In 1930, General Motors ventured into the aeronautical industry. It purchased Fokker Aircraft Corp, which was an American company. Later, it bought Berliner-Joyce Aircraft. General Motors merged the two companies to establish General Aviation Manufacturing Corporation. Barnhoorn (2012) alleged, â€Å"Through a stock exchange, General Motors took controlling interests in North American Aviation and merged it with its General Aviation division in 1933† (p. 47). In 1948, General Motors pulled out of North American Aviation, and since then, it has never invested in the aircraft industry again. The company purchased both Electro-Motive Corporation and Winton Engine in 1930, changing their names to General Motors Electro-Motive Division (Barnhoorn, 2012). General Motors embarked on manufacturing diesel-propelled locomotives, which dominated the American railroads. The locomotives played an important role during World War II. General Motors got rid of the Electro-Motive division i n 2005. In 1932, General Motors established an ancillary company dubbed United Cities Motor Transport.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company helped GM to â€Å"transform streetcar systems to buses in small cities† (Chowdhury, 2014, p. 129). Chowdhury (2014) alleged that in 1936, General Motors participated in a conspiracy aimed at eradicating streetcar system. According to Ready (2004), General Motors played a significant role in World War II. The corporation manufactured enormous quantities of aircrafts, cars, and armaments that the United States used during the war. Nevertheless, the war adversely affected General Motors global interests. The American, British, and Canadian branches were divided with each branch supporting the local government. Ready (2004) alleged that it became hard for the United States government to manage GM-owned compa nies in Germany. The German government took control of the companies and used them to manufacture weapons and vehicles. Chowdhury (2014) argued, â€Å"General Motors ranked first among the United States corporations in the value of wartime production contracts† (p. 130). The company’s William Knudsen helped President Roosevelt to manufacture and supply cars and weapons. On the other hand, the companys subsidiary in Britain contributed to making the Churchill tank. The tanks were helpful in the United Kingdoms operations in North Africa. General Motors participation in the World War II made it famous across the globe. The post-war period saw the company become the largest automobile enterprise in the United States (Galster, 2012). Additionally, the company’s revenue went high and significantly contributed to the United States’ gross domestic production. In 1953, Eisenhower appointed General Motors’ president (Charles Wilson) as Secretary of Defense. Charles Wilson declared that he was ready to protect the United States without considering if his decisions could affect General Motors (Galster, 2012).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on History of General Motors specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, Charles confirmed that he did not envisage a situation where his decisions could affect General Motors. He believed that both the United States and General Motors shared common interests. Later, his sentiments were misinterpreted with some people arguing that Charles meant that the General Motors interests coincided with those of the country. In 1955, General Motors became the first company to remit the highest levies in the United States (Galster, 2012). In 1958, the branch differences within General Motors started to fade away as the company developed high-performance engines. The company introduced higher trim replicas like Pontiac Bonneville and Chevrole t Impala (Galster, 2012). The replicas were sold together concurrently other models, making it hard for customers to distinguish them. In 1961, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, and Buick came up with engines that were similar to Pontiac Bonneville and Chevrolet Impala. Hence, the models eliminated the differences that existed among the General Motors’ divisions across the globe. In 1960s, GM encountered stiff competition from other car companies. Therefore, it was forced to manufacture superior cars to remain competitive (Barnhoorn, 2012). For example, General Motors built Chevrolet Corvair to counter Volkswagen Beetle. Besides, after Ford Company made Falcon, General Motors responded by making Chevy II. In 1977, General Motors launched Chevrolet Vega to curtail import of cars from foreign companies. However, Chevrolet Vega’s inventive aluminum engine encountered numerous problems (Barnhoorn, 2012). General Motors stopped manufacturing Chevrolet Vega after realizing that the car w as not doing well in the market.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Even though General Motors continued to grow its market share from 1960s to 1980s, it suffered from product disagreement. Barnhoorn (2012) posited, It seemed that, in every decade, an important mass-production product line was launched with defects of one type or another showing up early in their life cycle (p. 61). Therefore, the company always had to make some adjustments to improve its products. However, it was hard to convince customers to purchase the improved products. For instance, General Motors launched Chevrolet Corvair in 1960s. At first, the car was received well (Rattner, 2010). Later, its unusual handling made customers to consider it unsafe. Later, General Motors improved the cars suspension system and made a number of improvements to make it safe. However, Chevrolet Corvairs reputation had been adequately ruined such that customers were not ready to purchase it. The 1970s was the era of the Vega. It started as a famous car, but the fame did not last for long. General Motors was affected by labor strife in its Ohio’s production plants. Hence, many customers felt that the company could not guarantee the safety of its cars (Rattner, 2010). In 1977, General Motors stopped manufacturing the Vega model since it was not doing well in the market. According to Rattner (2010), Oldsmobile’s turnover went up between 1970s and 1980s. It received affirmative reviews from customers. Besides, people had faith in its Rocket V8 engine. Rattner (2010) posited that Olds dislodged Plymouth and Pontiac as the third best selling trademark in the United States. The first two brands were Chevrolet and Ford. Increased recognition of Oldsmobile’s cars led to a significant challenge in 1977. Oldsmobile could no longer satisfy the market since the demand for V8 engine was higher than production capability. Hence, it started to equip its car models with Chevrolet 350 engines to meet the demand (Rattner, 2010). The majority of customers did not realize w hat Oldsmobile had done. However, many customers learnt that they had been short-changed when they took their cars for maintenance. They filed lawsuits, which crippled the General Motors’ reputation. People published disclaimers alleging that Oldsmobile was using engines manufactured by other General Motors divisions to assemble its cars. The disclaimers adversely affected GM status forcing the corporation to come up with a single unit for making car engines. Today, all its engines are built by GM Powertrain (Rattner, 2010). The history of General Motors is characterized by ups and downs. The company has encountered one crisis after the other. However, the management has always found ways to salvage the company. In 2010, the administration helped the company to overcome bankruptcy that saw it close the majority of its branches. The management restructured General Motors’ brand portfolio to help it compete with other established brands (Chowdhury, 2014). The company abo lished a number of nameplates like Saturn, Pontiac, Goodwrench, and Hummer. Besides, it removed the culture of embossing its mark of excellence on all its cars. According to Chowdhury (2014), General Motors has moved from a corporate-endorsed hybrid brand architecture structure, where GM underpinned every brand to a multiple brands corporate (p. 133). Indeed, it is hard for one to identify General Motors brand in the market. The majority of its brands do not bear a trademark. Moreover, the United States branch has purged the famous blue badge from its website. However, the Canadian branch still reveres the blue â€Å"badge†. Nowadays, General Motors has two superior brands that control its global development. They are Chevrolet and Cadillac. The Cadillac brand develops lavish cars that are aggressive and dominant (Chowdhury, 2014). Besides, General Motors is in the process of reviving other brands like Buick, Holden, Opel, Baojun, and Vauxhall to help it reach a wide customer base. References Barnhoorn, J. (2012). Recognize sustained competitive advantage: A comparison in the automotive industry out of an investors’ perspective. Delft: Delft University of Technology. Chowdhury, S. (2014). Strategic roads that diverge or converge: GM and Toyota in the battle for the top. Business Horizons, 57(1), 127-136. Galster, G. (2012). Driving Detroit: The quest for respect in the motor city. Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press. Rattner, S. (2010). Overhaul: An insider’s account of the Obama administration’s emergency rescue of the auto industry. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Ready, D. (2004). The characteristics of great leader-builder companies. Business Strategy Review, 15(3), 36-40.

Public health and road saftey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Public health and road saftey - Essay Example This report will discuss the roles of public health in road safety with other sectors to achieve better solutions. The main purposes of public health are to protect, to prevent illness and injuries and to promote healthy lifestyle for the public sector (NPHP, 1997). It has sought to decrease the number of deaths and injuries of communicable and non-communicable diseases among the population, through not merely treating but also reducing the risk factor, education, screening, and other intervention (Wilson A., 2000). Therefore, public health has an essential function to play in road traffic to reduce these risks (WHO, 2004). These functions include: collecting data and evidence, analysing the causes, prevention, protection and promotion. Collecting data and evidence: The hospitals collect specific data in a systematic way as much as possible, on the road crashes injuries, and the methods to conduct the injuries observations and surveys. They have also focused on amount, range, charact eristics and consequences of the road traffic injuries (WHO, 2004). Obviously, it should be mentioned in this point that each sector, such as the police department, has different data needs and the collaboration between these data is important to cover all aspects of this issue to find better results (Binder. S., Runge J., 2004). Analysing the data The reason of studying the data of road traffic trauma in public health is to define the cause of mortality, morbidity and the effect of road traffic injuries on their family and the economy (WHO, 2004, Sleet D., Dinh-Zarr, T., Dellinger A., 2007). This can help the other sectors to determine where the real causes of accidents are. For example, road design, drivers’ behavior, etc., and thus obtains a comprehensive perception of this issue. Prevention and protection: Prevent and protect injuries in road traffic are the central aims of public health which can be achieved through enforcement of the decision-makers to consider the inju ries as an important issue and seek improved safety approaches for road traffic (Boss, A., Pikora, T., Daube, M.,2010). Experimental new methods that prevent and reduce the severity of injuries on road crashes are evaluated by the influences of these actions in them (World Report, WHO, 2004). In an example of this action, by using a speed camera, the use of seatbelts and motorcycle helmets increased. Moreover, participation in disseminating effective interventions (Binder. S, Runge J., 2004) establishes an awareness programs in human behavior, such as short broad cast about the impact of wrong behavioral action on roads. (EMSRRS1 report, 2009). Promotion: In this stage, public health allows all people to achieve healthy lifestyles and decrease the road risk to human health which occurs from environmental, economic, social and behavioral causes (Ottawa Charter, 1986). Conclusion Overall, public health should be in alliance with other sectors for share goal. Works cited Binder S., Run ge J., Road Safety and Public Health: A U. S. Perspective and the Global Challenge. Vol. 10, p 68-69. National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, United States Department of Health and Human Services, USA, 2004. Print. Boss, A., Pikora, T., Daube, M. Road Safety and Public Health Advocacy: The Way Forward. Public Health Adv